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2021, Number 1

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Folia 2021; 15 (1)

Clinical-epidemiological characterization of leprosy in Santiago de Cuba municipality

Hechavarría FLJ
Full text How to cite this article

Language: Spanish
References: 11
Page: 1-6
PDF size: 406.17 Kb.


Key words:

leprosy, clinical practice, epidemiology, disability.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Leprosy is a tropical infectious disease, caused by Mycobacterium leprae, with a chronic evolution, resulting in deformities and stigmatization.
Objective: To characterize leprosy clinical-epidemiologically in Santiago de Cuba Municipality.
Methods: A retrospective, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out of the diagnosed cases of leprosy in Santiago de Cuba Municipality during the period 2015-2019, taking their clinical-epidemiological histories as sources. The universe was made up of all the patients with leprosy, notified and registered in the eighteen polyclinics of the municipality. The statistical method of percentage calculation was used. The results were presented in tables.
Results: The area of José Martí neighborhood was observed to have the highest number of new cases. There were no significant differences regarding sex. Dimorphic leprosy was the most frequent clinical form; while, among disabilities, the grade 2 was observed to present the highest incidence, although patients without disabilities predominated.
Conclusions: Despite the existence of a national leprosy program in the country, cases with disabilities are still diagnosed in our province, which suggests that there are difficulties in the correct application of that program.


REFERENCES

  1. Organización Mundial de la Salud. Estrategia mundial para la lepra 2016-2020. Acelerar la acción hacia un mundo sin lepra. Guía de monitoreo y evaluación. Ginebra: OMS; 2020. p. 9. [acceso 10/09/2020]. Disponible en: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/254907/9789290225874sp.pdf?sequence=11

  2. OMS. Lepra. Organización Mundial de la Salud. 2019 [acceso 27/09/2020]. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/leprosy

  3. Dirección de registros médicos y estadísticas de salud. Anuario Estadístico de Salud 2019. La Habana: Ministerio de Salud Pública; 2020 [acceso 22/07/2020]. Disponible en: http://files.sld.cu/bvscuba/files/2020/04/Anuario-Electrónico-Español-2018-ed-2019.pdf

  4. Santiago de Cuba. Dirección Provincial de Salud. Departamento de Registros Médicos y Estadísticas. Anuario estadístico de salud 2019.

  5. Rojas-Caraballo N, Álvarez-Borjas J, Lagos-Ordoñes K, Aroche-Domínguez ME, Laffita-Núñez M. Caracterización de la lepra en el municipio de Guantánamo en el período 2015-2019. Rev Multimed. 2019 [acceso 10/09/2020];23(1):89. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/pdf/mmed/v23n1/1028-4818-mmed-23-01-11.pdf

  6. Moreira Ríos I, Rivera Moreira A, Ochoa Clara I, Pérez Moreno N, Iglesias Romero DE. Prevalencia y pronóstico de la lepra en Pinar del Río. Rev Ciencias Médicas. 2014 Feb;18(1):57-65.

  7. Werthein L. Epidemiológica y control de la lepra. Rev. Cuba. Hig. Epid. 2011;20(2):230-3.

  8. Heymann N, David L. El control de las enfermedades transmisibles. 18ed. Publicación científica y técnica no. 613. Washington DC: Organización Panamericana de la Salud; 2013.

  9. Valón Ferrer MA, Hernández Del Pino S, Bordelois Abdo JA, Abijana Damién G, Rodríguez Lambert B. Correlación clínico-histológica de lepra en Guantánamo. Rev Inf Cient. 2015;93(5):1078-87.

  10. Valiente Hernández Y, Hernández Moya M. Costos directos e indirectos del diagnóstico y tratamiento de pacientes con lepra. MEDISAN. 2016 [acceso 29/12/2020];20(3):299-305. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S102930192016000300004&lng=es

  11. MINSAP. Programa de control de lepra. La Habana: Ministerio de Salud Pública; 2008.




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Folia. 2021;15