2023, Number 2
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Med Crit 2023; 37 (2)
Mechanical ventilation for lung and diaphragm protection in intensive care
Del TCC
Language: Spanish
References: 67
Page: 122-133
PDF size: 323.14 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Critically ill patients with mechanical ventilation present multiple deleterious changes in the structure and function of the diaphragm, collectively called ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction. There are four possible mechanisms of diaphragmatic myotrauma: ventilatory over-assistance, low ventilatory assistance, eccentric myotrauma and expiratory myotrauma; underlying molecular and cellular processes include metabolic dysfunction, mitochondrial oxidative stress, and imbalance in protein homeostasis culminating in diaphragmatic atrophy. The growing understanding of the mechanisms of diaphragmatic myotrauma, ventilator-induced pulmonary injury and self-inflicted pulmonary injury gives rise to a mechanical ventilation approach in intensive care that integrates pulmonary and diaphragmatic protection measures: Respiratory drive, respiratory effort, transpulmonary pressure, intraabdominal pressure , positive end-expiratory pressure, management of asynchronies, oxygenation and analgesia-sedation, in addition to considering the medical treatment of concurrent conditions, with the aim of favoring the release of MV, preventing long-term disability and increasing the survival, as well as encourage future research for implementation in the clinical setting.
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