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Revista Latinoamericana de Microbiología

2001, Number 1

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Microbiología 2001; 43 (1)

Protection mechanisms of nitrogenase to inactivation by oxygen.

Soto-Urzúa L, Baca BE

Language: Spanish
References: 70
Page: 37-49
PDF size: 151.80 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The biological fixation of dinitrogen is the most important way to access of N to organisms, this process requires a fairly high proportion of the ATP; which is generated in the course of respiratory electron transport reactions with 02 as electron acceptor. The Nitrogenase enzyme complex (the nitrogen. fixing enzyme) is sensitive to 02, that irreversible inactivates the enzyme. Diazotrophs must employ mecha-nisms which, on the other hand, permit the supply of 02 required for energy regeneration and protect Nase from the deleterious effect of 02. They have developed several strategies for limiting 02 access to Nase: 1).- It could avoid 02 and live in environments which are permanently anaerobic, 2).- Alternatively, it could generate a physical barrier around its Nase and in this way prevent 02 from diffusing to the enzyme, 3).- The microorganism could, by its metabolism, reduce the concentration of 02 within the vicinity of Nasa, 4).- They could modify its Nasa in such manner as to render it resistant to inactivation by 02 (conformational protection). 5).- Finally, the microorganism could simply balance Nasa inactivation with the synthesis of new enzyme. In this article we examine the antipathy between Nasa and 02, particularly with strict aerobic and photosynthetic microorganisms.


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