2021, Number 1
<< Back Next >>
Rev Med UV 2021; 21 (1)
Notes for the analysis of bias in research in Health Science
Parissi-Poumian Y
Language: Spanish
References: 17
Page: 27-38
PDF size: 150.04 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Since the origin of humanity, there have been people
who, through observation and experimentation, generate evidence
to characterize and diagnose situations that affect the well-being and
quality of life of the population, also used to know the causal relationships
of these scenarios, plan and encourage preventive measures and to
generate effective treatments. At present, this is known as health science
research. The bias is strongly related to this type of research due to the
constant contact of this branch of science with individual and population
variables that are difficult to control.
Objective: To expose in a general
way the bias in the research process of the health sciences, hoping that
it will serve as a preamble and alert for those students and professionals
who have just dabbled in this topic.
Methods: For this, a bibliographic
review was carried out related to 1) cognitive bias, associated with
personal values, memory, cognitive status, difficulty in homogenizing
observations and those biases due to the responses of the study subjects;
2) the bias associated with the instruments for collecting and measuring
information; 3) systematic bias, such as errors in selection, classification,
confusion, gender, periodicity, observation and operational conditions,
and 4) publication or dissemination bias, caused by the way in which
the work is transmitted and the overvaluation of those products with
positive results, with the consequent undervaluation of negative ones.
Conclusion: It is important that those who carry out research in any of
the health-related sciences know the existence of these possible errors,
distinguish how to identify them and be able to modify them before
they affect the final data, since this will allow them to carry out valid and
representative research, which may have a positive impact on health.
REFERENCES
Arija, V., Abellana, R., Ribot, B. & Ramon, J. (2015). Sesgos y ajustes en la valoración nutricional de las encuestas alimentarias. Rev Esp Nutr Comunitaria, 21(1), 112–117.
Canal, N. (2016). Técnicas de muestreo. Sesgos más frecuentes (pp. 121– 132).
Cobo, E., González, J., Cortés, J. & Bielsa, N. (2014). Interacción. Sesgo de selección. En Bioestadística para no estadísticos: Tome decisiones con criterio (pp. 3–32). Universidad Politécnica de Catalunya.
Correa, J. P., Ossa, C. J. & Sanhueza, P. (2019). Sesgo en razonamiento, metacognicion y motivación al pensamiento crítico en estudiantes de primer año medio de un establecimiento de Chillán. Revista de Estudios y Experiencias en Educación, 18(37), 61–77.
Fojo, M. (2020). Depresión y el sesgo de memoria: Artículo de revisión: Vol. Julio. Universidad de la República de Uruguay.
Hasdeu, S. & Tortosa, F. (2021). Risk of publication bias in therapeutic interventions for. Scielo, 23(version 1).
Manterola, C. & Otzen, T. (2015). Los Sesgos en Investigación Clínica. International Journal of Morphology, 33(3), 1156–1164.
Martinez, M., Briones, R. & Cortés, J. (2013). Metodología de la investigación para el área de la salud. En McGrawHill (Ed.), Mc Graw Hill (2da ed., pp. 79–86).
Mazurek, B. & Fineout, E. (2014). Práctica basada en la evidencia para ciencias de la salud (1ra ed.). LWW.
Miyahira, J. (2013). El sesgo de publicación en medicina. Revista Medica Herediana, 7(2).
Pardo, H. (2017). Estrategias para Prevenir y Controlar el Sesgo de Diseminación de los Ensayos Clínicos con Distribución Aleatoria. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Facultad de Medicina.
Polgar, S. & Tomas, S. (2021). Introducción a la investigación en ciencias de la salud (7ma ed.). Elsevier.
Robles, V. & Zepeda, C. (2020). Sesgos en la investigación médica. Unidades de apoyo para el aprendizaje.
Rodebaugh, T., ScullinR, B., Langer, J., Dixon, D., Huppert, J., Bernstein, A., Zvielli, A. & Lenze, E. (2016). Unreliability as a threat to understanding psychopathology: The cautionary tale of attentional bias. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125(6), 180–851.
Rodríguez, M. V. (2019). Control de sesgos: piedra angular de la validez interna en la investigación para la salud. ALERTA Revista Científica del Instituto Nacional de Salud, 2(2).
Sánchez, D. (2015). Principio y Final Del de Sesgo de Género. Conferencia de fin de curso: Master de Igualdad y Género, 1–16. https://riuma. uma.es/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10630/9822/Principio y Final del Sesgo de Género conferencia.pdf?sequence=6&isAllowed=y
Villasís, M., Márquez, H., Zurita, J., Miranda, G. & Escamilla, A. (2018). Research protocol VII. Validity and reliability of the measurements. Revista Alergia Mexico, 65(4), 414–421.
Full text