García SBY, Rueda SVA

Language: Spanish
References: 69
Page: 189-203
PDF size: 411.31 Kb.

ABSTRACT

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) encompasses a set of physiological and biochemical alterations that according to the International Diabetes Federation is diagnosed by the presence of central obesity plus any two of the following criteria: 1) dysglycemia, 2) hypertriglyceridemia, 3) decreased levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (or cHDL), and 4) hypertension, which are considered risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and cardiovascular disease (CVDs). MS has a high incidence in Mexico; however, no recent studies exist about the cardiovascular alterations that MetS causes in the Mexican population. MetS is associated with an increase in sympathetic stimulation, which augments heart rate in resting conditions; and limits the response of the cardiovascular system to stress or increased physical activity. It has also been observed that MetS patients develop vasculopathies; and in young people MetS triggers the development of cardiac hypertrophy; nevertheless, there is still a lack of data about the effect of MetS risk factors in the myocardium and specifically in mitochondrial function. In this review, we summarized recent results about the about the alterations in function, mitochondrial enzyme expression, and mitochondrial dynamics in the heart under conditions of obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemias identified in MetS, and we also analyze novel therapeutic strategies to recover mitochondrial function. However, few studies have been published about alterations in function and mitochondria dynamics in the heart under MetS condition; therefore, more research is still needed.

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