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Medicina & Laboratorio

2012, Número 03-04

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Medicina & Laboratorio 2012; 18 (03-04)


Prueba de aliento optimizada con urea marcada con carbono 13 para la detección de Helicobacter pylori (PAU-Hp13C®)

Campuzano MG

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 157
Paginas: 137-160
Archivo PDF: 1016.90 Kb.


RESUMEN

Helicobacter pylori es una bacteria íntimamente relacionada con enfermedades benignas del estómago como la dispepsia no ulcerosa, la gastritis crónica, la úlcera péptica duodenal y gástrica, y con enfermedades malignas como el cáncer gástrico y los linfomas MALT del estómago; además, en la literatura médica mundial hay suficiente evidencia para vincular esta infección con manifestaciones extradigestivas, tales como enfermedades hematológicas (anemia y trombocitopenia inmune), dermatológicas (rosácea, urticaria y alopecia areata), reumatológicas (síndrome de Sjögren y artritis reumatoide), endocrinológicas (tiroiditis autoinmune y pancreatitis autoinmune), pediátricas (talla baja y dolor abdominal recurrente) y malignas (cáncer de páncreas y linfomas MALT de las conjuntivas), entre otras; por ello, es imperativa la identificación de la infección y su erradicación. Durante los últimos años, se ha presentado un gran avance en el desarrollo de pruebas para el diagnóstico de Helicobacter pylori, especialmente en las pruebas de aliento con urea marcada con carbono 13 (13C-urea); en el medio se optimizó y patentó la prueba de aliento con urea marcada con carbono 13 (PAU-Hp13C®). La PAU-Hp13C® está diseñada para uso clínico tanto para el diagnóstico como para el seguimiento postratamiento, ya que posee una sensibilidad y especificidad del 100%, es una prueba no invasiva, inocua y la toma de la muestra es sencilla. La principal ventaja de la prueba es que el kit para la toma de la muestra se puede enviar a cualquier parte del territorio nacional y la estabilidad de las muestras permite su remisión a la central de análisis donde éstas serán analizadas. El objetivo de este módulo es presentar una descripción de la prueba de aliento con 13C-urea para la detección de Helicobacter pylori, en especial de la PAU-Hp13C®, su desarrollo, su fundamento, las condiciones preanalíticas para la toma de la muestra, su procedimiento analítico, sus indicaciones y contraindicaciones y la interpretación de sus resultados.


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