Campa-Peñúñuri MA, Álvarez-Hernández G, Candia-Plata MC, Hurtado-Valenzuela JG, Valencia-Juillerat MEF, Díaz-Zavala RG

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 42
Paginas: 115-127
Archivo PDF: 213.55 Kb.

RESUMEN

Antecedentes: El exceso de peso, que agrupa al sobrepeso y la obesidad, provoca una serie de trastornos fisiológicos en los niños y adolescentes que deterioran la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud.
Objetivo: Evaluar, longitudinalmente, la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en sujetos de 7 a 17 años con exceso de peso, atendidos con dos esquemas distintos de atención médica: integral y tradicional.
Materiales y Métodos: Estudio cuasi experimental efectuado en niños y adolescentes. Se integraron dos grupos: el grupo I recibió una intervención integral y sistemática; el grupo II, una intervención basada en consulta tradicional. Los sujetos se compararon mediante el puntaje Z del índice de masa corporal acotado a sexo y edad (Z-IMC) y su calidad de vida relacionada con la salud mediante un cuestionario validado PedsQL^®, antes y después de recibir una intervención para control de peso. La asociación entre el cambio en el Z-IMC y la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud se estimó mediante regresión lineal múltiple.
Resultados: Se estudiaron 42 sujetos; al inicio no hubo diferencias en el Z-IMC y la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de ambos grupos. Tras la intervención, los sujetos del grupo II tuvieron 12 puntos menos (p = 0.012) en la puntuación del PedsQL^® que los del grupo I.
Conclusiones: Los sujetos con exceso de peso perciben deterioro en su calidad de vida relacionada con la salud; un programa integral y sistemático para el control de peso tendrá un efecto positivo en su bienestar.

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