2019, Número 5
<< Anterior Siguiente >>
Med Crit 2019; 33 (5)
Choque cardiogénico: de la definición al abordaje
Garnica CCE, Rivero SE, Domínguez CG
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 29
Paginas: 251-258
Archivo PDF: 296.26 Kb.
RESUMEN
El choque cardiogénico es la mayor catástrofe del infarto agudo al miocardio y de las cardiopatías en general. Se define como un estado en el cual el gasto cardiaco es ineficiente para perfundir y oxigenar los tejidos, por lo que se manifiesta con signos de hipoperfusión tisular y congestión capilar. Aunque las últimas guías no exijan el diagnóstico por medio de medidas hemodinámicas, el basarse sólo en lo clínico puede generar errores hasta en 30%. Las causas se dividen en isquémicas y no isquémicas, siendo la primera la más común. Pese a la aparición de nuevos dispositivos mecánicos, aunados al soporte médico, sólo se ha demostrado la mejora de los desenlaces con las terapias endovasculares.
REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)
Thiele H, Ohman EM, Desch S, Eitel I, De Waha S. Management of cardiogenic shock. European Heart Journal. 2015;36:1223-1230.
Tewelde SZ, Liu SS, Winters ME. Cardiogenic shock. Cardiol Clin. 2018;36:53-61.
Van Diepen S, Katz JN, Albert NM, Henry TD, Jacobs AK, Kapur NK, et al. Contemporary management of cardiogenic shock. Circulation. 2017;136(16):e232-e268.
Ponikowski P, Voors AA, Anker SD, Bueno H, Cleland JGF, Coats AJS, et al. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: The Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur Heart J. 2016;37(27):2129-2200.
Jackson G, Cullum P, Pastellopoulos A, Macarthur A, Jewitt D. Intra-aortic balloon assistance in cardiogenic shock after myocardial infarction or cardiac surgery. Br Heart J. 1977;39(6):598-604.
Hochman JS, Sleeper LA, Webb JG, Sanborn TA, White HD, Talley JD, et al. Early revascularization in acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock: SHOCK Investigators: Should We Emergently Revascularize Occluded Coronaries for Cardiogenic Shock. N Engl J Med. 1999;341(9):625-634.
Hurtado BA, Santome JA, Fernandez BC, Cárdenas LM. Infarto agudo del miocardio con choque cardiogénico. Arch Inst Cardiol Mex. 1984;54:121-129.
Martínez-Sánchez C, Chuquiure-Valenzuela E, Flores-Ramírez R, García-López S, Arias-Mendoza A, González-Pacheco H, et al. Choque cardiogénico. Las variables de mortalidad. Gac Méd Méx. 2005;141(5):395-400.
TRIUMPH Investigators, Alexander JH, Reynolds HR, Stebbins AL, Dzavik V, Harrington RA, et al. Effect of tilarginine acetate in patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock the TRIUMPH randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2007;297(15):1657-1666.
Thiele H, Zeymer U, Neumann FJ, Ferenc M, Olbrich HG, Hausleiter J, et al. Intraaortic balloon support for myocardial infarction with cardiogenic shock. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(14):1287-1296.
Thiele H, Desch S, Piek JJ, Stepinska J, Oldroyd K, Serpytis P, Montalescot G, et al. Multivessel versus culprit lesion only percutaneous revascularization plus potential staged revascularization in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock: design and rationale of CULPRIT-SHOCK trial. Am Heart J. 2016;172:160-169.
Hellerstein HK, Brofman BL, Caskey WH. Shock accompanying myocardial infarction: Treatment with pressor amines. Amer Heart J. 1952;44(3):407-427.
Goldberg RJ, Spencer FA, Gore JM, Lessard D, Yarzebski J. Thirty-year trends (1975 to 2005) in the magnitude of, management of, and hospital death rates associated with cardiogenic shock in patients with acute myocardial infarction. a population-based perspective. Circulation. 2009;119(9):1211-1219.
Reynolds HR, Hochman JS. Cardiogenic Shock. Circulation. 2008;117(5):686-697.
Forrester JS, Diamond GA, Swan HJ. Correlative classification of clinical and hemodynamic function after acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol. 1977;39(2):137-154.
Gidwani UK, Mohanty B, Chatterjee K. The pulmonary artery catheter. Cardiol Clin. 2013;31:545-565.
Cooper HA, Panza JA. Cardiogenic shock. Cardiol Clin. 2013;31(4):567-580.
Reynolds HR, Anand SK, Fox JM, Harkness S, Dzavik V, White HD, et al. Restrictive physiology in cardiogenic shock: observations from echocardiography. Am Heart J. 2006;151(4):890.e9-e15.
McLean AS. Echocardiography in shock management. Crit Care. 2016;20:275.
De Backer D, Biston P, Devriendt J, Madl C, Chochrad D, Aldecoa C, et al. Comparison of dopamine and norepinephrine in the treatment of shock. N Engl J Med. 2010;362:779-789.
Nieminen MS, Buerke M, Cohen-Solál A, Costa S, Édes I, Erlikh A, et al. The role of levosimendan in acute heart failure complicating acute coronary syndrome: a review and expert consensus opinion. Int J Cardiol. 2016;218:150-157.
Tarvasmäki T, Lassus J, Varpula M, Sionis A, Sund R, Køber L, et al. Current real-life use of vasopressors and inotropes in cardiogenic shock-adrenaline use is associated with excess organ injury and mortality. Crit Care. 2016;20(1):208.
Freedman RJ. The intra-aortic balloon pump system: current roles and future directions. J Cardiol. 1991;6:313.
Holmes DR Jr, Bates ER, Kleiman NS, Sadowski Z, Horgan JH, Morris DC, et al. Contemporary reperfusion therapy for cardiogenic shock: The GUSTO-I trial experience. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1995;26:668-674.
Duvernoy CS, Bates ER. Management of cardiogenic shock. J Intensive Care Med. 2005;20(4):188-198.
Ibanez B, James S, Agewall S, Antunes MJ, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Bueno H, et al. 2017 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation: The task force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). European Heart Journal. 2018;39(2):119-177.
White HD, Assmann SF, Sanborn TA, Jacobs AK, Webb JG, Sleeper LA, et al. Comparison of percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting after acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock: results from the should we emergently revascularize occluded coronaries for cardiogenic shock (SHOCK) trial. Circulation. 2005;112(13):1992-2001.
Chou TM, Amidon TM, Ports TA, Wolfe CL. Cardiogenic shock: thrombolysis or angioplasty? J Intensive Care Med. 1996;11(1):37-48.
Bentzer P, Griesdale DE, Boyd J, MacLean K, Sirounis D, Ayas NT. Will this hemodynamically unstable patient respond to a bolus of intravenous fluids? JAMA. 2016;316(12):1298-1309.