García HLG, González CM

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 40
Paginas: 70-89
Archivo PDF: 192.19 Kb.

RESUMEN

La cefalea, es un problema que con frecuencia aqueja a la población pediátrica; en particular, la migraña muestra un impacto adverso substancial, en la vida del niño y su familia. En virtud de lo anterior, es importante considerar un sistema de clasificación que debe ser válido, fiable y generalizado, para realizar diagnósticos reflexivos, sobre los mecanismos biológicos subyacentes, compartiendo perfiles en factores de riesgo, curso clínico y respuesta al tratamiento. En esta publicación se toma en cuenta, la más reciente propuesta publicada en el 2013 por la revista cefalalgia, ICHD-III beta. El diagnóstico de cefalea, se basa principalmente en criterios clínicos según lo establecido en la Sociedad Internacional de la Cefalea (IHS), considerando la presencia e identificación de las causas secundarias que se descubren a través de este proceso sistemático de la anamnesis y la exploración física. Es trascendental destacar que la cefalea, tiene un alto número de comorbilidades, entre las que se asocian varios trastornos psiquiátricos, neurológicos y cardiovasculares. La fisiopatología de la migraña aún sigue siendo controversial. Es posible identificar factores precipitantes prevenibles en el 70% de los casos, siendo útil, que el paciente lleve un diario para objetivar la frecuencia de los episodios y su relación con estos factores. Por lo tanto, es importante individualizar el tratamiento médico en cada paciente pediátrico.

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