Velarde-Avalos A, Arias- Rincón AN, Arrezola-Tejeda FC, Castañedad-Achutigui FD

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 39
Paginas: 90-99
Archivo PDF: 1705.68 Kb.

RESUMEN

La enfermad de Parkinson (EP) es una enfermedad neurodegenerativa, caracterizada principalmente por la muerte de las células dopaminérgicas de la sustancia negra (SN) de la parts compacta y por la disminución en los niveles de dopamina en las terminales estriatales, responsables de la mayoría de las alteraciones motoras características de esta enfermedad. Estas alteraciones bioquímicas y motoras, son reproducidas por diferentes fármacos (anfetaminas, reserpina), modelos basados en el uso de plaguicidas (rotenona y paraquat) y modelos donde se utiliza sustancias toxicas (MPTP y 6-hidroxidopamina). Todos estos modelos se caracterizan por inducir modificaciones estructurales o funcionales de la transmisión dopaminérgica nigroestriada. Sin embargo, ninguno de estos modelos es capaz de reproducir en su totalidad todos los procesos fisiopatológicos y las características clínicas que en este padecimiento se presentan. Por lo que en este trabajo se hace una revisión de los principales modelos basados en el uso de plaguicidas, modelos farmacológicos y uso de toxinas, y su relevancia para el estudio de la enfermedad, dando especial enfoque en los mecanismos de acción de estos modelos.

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