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2016, Número 2

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Residente 2016; 11 (2)


Trombosis venosa profunda y tromboembolia pulmonar en pacientes con cáncer colorrectal

Cabrales-Escobar IE, Zermeño-González ML, Nava-Zavala AH, Rubio-Jurado B

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 56
Paginas: 60-70
Archivo PDF: 301.92 Kb.


RESUMEN

Desde la publicación de la «Clinique Médicale de l’Hôtel-Dieu de Paris» de Trousseau en 1865, se estableció una importante relación entre el cáncer y el estado de hipercoagulabilidad. Los eventos trombóticos en ocasiones son diagnosticados como la primera manifestación clínica de un tumor y constituyen la segunda causa de muerte en pacientes con cáncer. Por otra parte, varios autores han demostrado una correlación significativa entre la incidencia de eventos tromboembólicos y un peor pronóstico de la enfermedad neoplásica. Son múltiples los factores que influyen en la incidencia de la trombosis: enfermedad avanzada, presencia de un catéter central, quimioterapia, tipo de neoplasia, cirugía, entre otros. A pesar de la importante asociación reconocida entre el cáncer y la trombosis, son escasos los datos disponibles entre pacientes con tipos específicos de cáncer como es el caso del cáncer colorrectal. El objetivo de esta revisión fue describir la incidencia, curso de la enfermedad, factores de riesgo y pronóstico asociado a tromboembolismo venoso en pacientes con cáncer colorrectal. La activación de la coagulación y los tejidos cancerosos forman un mutuo circuito de retroalimentación positiva y las estrategias que interfieren en este circuito podrían representar una nueva e interesante estrategia para la prevención o el tratamiento tanto del tromboembolismo como del cáncer.


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