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2003, Número 3

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Cir Cir 2003; 71 (3)


Inmunoterapia mediada por linfocitos T en pacientes con cáncer

Valdespino-Gómez VM , Rocha-Zavaleta L

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 57
Paginas: 235-244
Archivo PDF: 95.76 Kb.


RESUMEN

En los últimos 20 años a través de un arduo trabajo experimental, se han logrado conocer los fenómenos celulares y moleculares que participan en la respuesta inmune antitumoral. Esto ha permitido identificar 30 antígenos tumorales de algunas proteínas que se expresan en las células tumorales, los cuales sirven de blanco para la respuesta inmune. Múltiples estudios in vitro y en animales han demostrado que clonas específicas de los linfocitos T CD4+ y CD8+ reconocen oligopéptidos inmunogénicos tumorales y realizan la principal respuesta efectora contra los tumores. La inmunomodulación positiva en las fases de reconocimiento y efectora de los linfocitos T ha provocado respuestas objetivas antitumorales en modelos experimentales. Similares estrategias han sido utilizadas en protocolos clínicos de inmunoterapia celular demostrando respuestas objetivas parciales en pacientes con cáncer avanzado. Actualmente se investiga en la identificación de nuevos antígenos tumorales, en nuevos mecanismos por los cuales el tumor escapa al ataque inmunológico, así como en la aplicación de protocolos de inmunoterapia celular en pacientes con cáncer no-avanzado. En los próximos años nos asombraremos de los efectos terapéuticos de la inmunomodulación celular positiva en pacientes con cáncer.


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