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2015, Número 3

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Residente 2015; 10 (3)


Trombocitopenia inmune primaria

García-Reyes B, Espinosa-Valdespino L, Nava-Zavala AH, Rubio-Jurado B

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 29
Paginas: 154-165
Archivo PDF: 255.10 Kb.


RESUMEN

La trombocitopenia inmune primaria es una entidad adquirida causada por la destrucción excesiva de plaquetas por autoanticuerpos dirigidos contra antígenos de la membrana plaquetaria así como su deficiente producción por los megacariocitos en la médula ósea. Puede acompañarse o no de manifestaciones hemorrágicas. Se define trombocitopenia como un recuento de plaquetas por debajo de 100 x 109/L. El diagnóstico es de exclusión, en ausencia de otras enfermedades que la justifiquen. La piedra angular del tratamiento son los corticosteroides; sin embargo, un grupo de pacientes no responden a éstos, por lo que existen terapias de segunda línea, entre ellas, la esplenectomía, rituximab –entre otros inmunosupresores–, así como nuevas terapias dirigidas a los receptores de trombopoyetina en casos de TIP crónica o refractarios.


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