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TIP Revista Especializada en Ciencias Químico-Biológicas

2015, Número 2

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TIP Rev Esp Cienc Quim Biol 2015; 18 (2)


Receptores nucleares: del núcleo al citoplasma

Ortega-Domínguez B, Herrera-Ramírez M, Tecalco-Cruz AC

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 63
Paginas: 131-143
Archivo PDF: 1177.53 Kb.


RESUMEN

Los receptores nucleares (RNs) constituyen una familia de factores transcripcionales activados por ligando que regulan la expresión de un gran número de genes de forma dependiente del tipo y contexto celular. La localización subcelular de los RNs es altamente dinámica y repercute sobre sus funciones como factores transcripcionales. En presencia de su ligando específico, los RNs se acumulan en el núcleo para modular la expresión de sus genes blanco. Por ende, la salida desde el núcleo a citoplasma de los RNs disminuye su acumulación nuclear y abate su actividad transcripcional. Por lo tanto, la exportación nuclear constituye un importante mecanismo de regulación de la actividad de los RNs. A pesar de su importancia, el proceso de exportación nuclear de los RNs no ha sido completamente explorado, sin embargo, los estudios que se tienen hasta ahora sugieren la participación de las proteínas CRM–1 y la Calreticulina (CRT) como mediadoras de este proceso. En esta revisión se destaca la exportación nuclear como un mecanismo regulador de las funciones de los RNs y se discuten las características estructurales y funcionales de las exportinas CRM–1 y CRT.


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