2015, Número 1
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Rev Cubana Hematol Inmunol Hemoter 2015; 31 (1)
Trali, una amenaza enmascarada: definición, aspectos epidemiológicos y clínicos
Román TR, Fernández DND
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 43
Paginas: 4-19
Archivo PDF: 135.70 Kb.
RESUMEN
El daño pulmonar agudo relacionado con la transfusión o TRALI, como más
comúnmente se le conoce, por definición no se diferencia de otros tipos de distrés
respiratorios, salvo por su origen demostrable y su estrecha relación temporal con
la transfusión. Constituye una de las reacciones adversas más peligrosas del uso de
productos sanguíneos y sus peculiares características le permiten enmascararse
entre los muchos factores que pueden desencadenar un daño pulmonar agudo,
especialmente en algunos pacientes que resultan más susceptibles a su desarrollo.
El propósito de esta revisión es hacer un recordatorio de su existencia, sobre todo a
aquellos médicos que manejan cotidianamente pacientes demandantes de
componentes sanguíneos y cuya condición clínica favorece su aparición. Sus
principales variables epidemiológicas (ej: incidencia y mortalidad) varían, a veces
de manera notable, entre los distintos informes. La heterogeneidad de criterios aun
después de la consecución de consensos internacionales para su diagnóstico,
dificulta aprovechar al máximo los datos obtenidos de los distintos estudios
realizados sobre su comportamiento y ha promovido la aparición de no pocos
resultados contradictorios. Su diagnóstico clínico representa un reto al presentarse
en medio de contextos clínicos que hacen plantear otras causas para la aparición
del distrés respiratorio. Por ello, muchas veces pasa inadvertido o es mal
identificado.
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