2014, Número 2
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Rev Cub Med Mil 2014; 43 (2)
Cateterización de la vena subclavia guiada por ultrasonido en tiempo real
Burgos AD, Cruz CY, Soler MCD
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 36
Paginas: 228-236
Archivo PDF: 72.83 Kb.
RESUMEN
La cateterización venosa central de la vena subclavia que utiliza reparos anatómicos,
es empleada rutinariamente en la unidad de cuidados intensivos. Sin embargo, la
técnica guiada por ultrasonido en tiempo real, se ha convertido en una de las 10
prácticas más seguras que mejoran la calidad de la atención en los pacientes críticos.
Todavía existe cierta incertidumbre al comparar ambos métodos. Se realizó una
revisión de la literatura en las bases de datos PUBMED y EMBASE desde 1985 al 2013,
con el objetivo de proveer estudios que utilicen la novedosa técnica de cateterización
de la vena subclavia guiada por ultrasonido, así como recomendaciones de su
utilización. Se encontraron un total de 102 artículos, tres metaanálisis y dos guías de
cateterización venosa central por ultrasonido. El método guiado por ecografía es una
técnica promisoria, con una creciente utilización en recién nacidos, niños y adultos. La
mayoría de la evidencia demuestra mejores tasas de efectividad, así como
disminución del número de complicaciones en comparación con la técnica de reparos
anatómicos. Las recomendaciones actuales son las de utilizar el método estático y
dinámico para la cateterización; se plantea que este último no debe ser realizado
durante la emergencia.
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