2005, Número 1-2
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Plasticidad y Restauración Neurológica 2005; 4 (1-2)
El diagnóstico por imagen en el niño con problemas neuropsicológicos. Parte 2
Taboada J
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 31
Paginas: 59-66
Archivo PDF: 262.79 Kb.
RESUMEN
Los niños con sospecha de problemas neuropsicológicos tanto en etapas tempranas del desarrollo como mayores deben someterse a una valoración médica general, neurológica, y estudios complementarios (neurofisiológicos y de imagen), para poder establecer si existe algún problema ya sea que pueda vincularse al desarrollo, adquirido durante el proceso de desarrollo, o con una base genética; así mismo, establecer el alcance del problema o déficits relacionados.
Ante cualquier déficit psicológico, neurológico o conductual aunque puede asumirse que es provocado por una alteración disfuncional de algún sistema en el cerebro y que los sistemas o subsistemas neurales responsables pueden localizarse en determinada estructura cerebral y áreas vecinas. Los trastornos del desarrollo – espectro autista, trastornos del lenguaje, trastornos de la atención con hiperactividad o trastornos del aprendizaje, escritura y lectura – con métodos de neuroimagen recientes sí pueden encontrarse lesiones focales pequeñas a veces características y en algunos pacientes procesos difusos a veces extensos de tipo de encéfalo-displasias, lesiones vasculares o trastornos de migración neuronal.
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