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Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía

2014, Número 1

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Arch Neurocien 2014; 19 (1)


La barrera hematoencefálica y epilepsia del lóbulo temporal

Solís H, López-Hernández E, Estrada FS

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 41
Paginas: 42-47
Archivo PDF: 128.33 Kb.


RESUMEN

La alteración de la barrera hematoencefálica (BHE) participa de manera importante en la epileptogénesis. La epilepsia del lóbulo temporal (ELT) es una de las formas más comunes de epilepsia, se caracteriza por lesión de varias zonas del hipocampo. En esta revisión se analiza la participación de los posibles mecanismos o alteraciones de la BHE en el proceso de la epileptogénesis que observamos en el modelo de epilepsia inducido por la administración sistémica de pilocarpina, que reproduce las características clínicas y neuropatológicas principales de la ELT del humano. La valoración de la alteración de la BHE y la extravasación de la albumina sérica en diferentes estados patológicos ha sido estudiada mediante el uso del azul de Evans (AE), por la ventaja de su bajo costo y fácil valoración, ya que puede visualizarse macroscópicamente. En este laboratorio hemos evaluado las posibles alteraciones de la BHE en el modelo de epilepsia experimental por la administración de pilocarpina y de AE en diferentes tiempos pos status epilepticus (SE). Considerando que en la ELT la lesión significativa es la gliosis del lóbulo temporal, también hemos estimado la aparición de la gliosis reactiva mediante valoración de la proteína ácida fibrilar glial (GFAP) con el establecimiento y evolución del proceso convulsivo. Con esta revisión concluimos que existe fuerte relación entre los cambios producidos en la BHE, astrogliosis reactiva y aumento de la excitabilidad neuronal.


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