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Colegio de Medicina Interna de México.

2014, Número 3

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Med Int Mex 2014; 30 (3)


Breve crónica de la definición del síndrome metabólico

Córdova-Pluma VH, Castro-Martínez G, Rubio-Guerra A, Hegewisch ME

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 132
Paginas: 312-328
Archivo PDF: 531.80 Kb.


RESUMEN

A partir de los primeros hallazgos de los estudios poblacionales Framingham, la comunidad médica ha puesto gran interés en los factores de riesgo de enfermedades cardiovasculares y ha evidenciado la coexistencia de padecimientos. Oficialmente, el síndrome metabólico surgió en 1988, cuando Gerald Reaven llamó “síndrome X” a la agrupación de resistencia a la insulina-hiperinsulinemia (disglucemia), dislipidemia e hipertensión, “nueva” entidad nosológica que en 1999 la Organización Mundial de la Salud denominó “síndrome metabólico”. De hecho, la agrupación de estos factores de riesgo cardiovascular se reconoció desde épocas antiguas y a lo largo de la historia ha recibido diferentes nombres, como “síndrome hipertensión-hiperglucemia-hiperuricemia”, “síndrome plurimetabólico”, “obesidad diabetógena”, etc. Múltiples asociaciones internacionales han buscado establecer definiciones operacionales, modificando la importancia o los valores de corte de determinadas variables. Este artículo describe los antecedentes históricos y los avances científicos que permitieron llegar a compilar el síndrome, así como las diferentes definiciones operativas y variables que se han utilizado para diagnosticarlo.


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