Núñez CL

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 37
Paginas: 121-128
Archivo PDF: 185.41 Kb.

RESUMEN

El desarrollo de las técnicas de manipulación genética ha permitido acelerar diferentes procesos naturales que normalmente hubieran necesitado de un largo período de tiempo para llevarse a cabo, o que nunca hubieran ocurrido de manera espontánea. Esto ha sido posible a través de la inserción de ácido desoxirribonucleico foráneo en organismos hospederos, lo que provoca nuevas variaciones en el metabolismo de las especies receptoras. En el presente trabajo (el primero de una trilogía) se muestran algunas de las principales metodologías utilizadas para la obtención de organismos genéticamente modificados en plantas y animales, se comentan sus principales características y se ejemplifican sus usos y aplicaciones.

REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)

1. Smith JA, Bardoe C, Smith JA. Gregor Mendel: the friar who grew peas. Abrams Books for Young Readers. New York: 2006. ISBN 0-8109-5475-3.

2. Antunes G, Pereira J. El consumidor y el derecho a la información frente a la incertidumbre que envuelve a los alimentos genéticamente modificados. Rio de Janeiro: 2003. pp. 50.

3. Hesse F, Wagner R. Developments and improvements in the manufacturing of human therapeutics with mammalian cell cultures. Trends Biotechnol 2002; 18:173-80.

4. Brophy B, Smolenski G, Wheeler T, Wells D, L'Huillier P, Laible G. Cloned transgenic cattle produce milk with higher levels of beta-casein and kappacasein. Nature Biotechnology 2003; 21:157-62.

5. Brem G, Brenig B, Goodman HM, Selden RC, Graf F, Kruff B, Springmann K, Hondele J, Meyer J, Winnacker EL, Kräusslich H. Production of transgenic mice, rabbits and pigs by microinjection into pronuclei. Zuchthygiene 1985; 20:251-2.

6. Colman A. Dolly, Polly and other 'ollys': likely impact of cloning technology on biomedical uses of livestock. Genet Anal 1999,153:167-73.

7. Campbell KH, McWhir J, Ritchie WA, Wilmut I. Sheep cloned by nuclear transfer from a cultured cell line. Nature 1996;380: 64-6.

8. Lavitrano ML, Camaioni A, Fazio VM, Dolci S, Farace MG, Spadafora C. Sperm cells as vectors for introducing foreign DNA into eggs. Cell 1989;57:717-23.

9. Webster NL, Lavitrano ML et al. Multitransgenic pigs expressing three fluorescent proteins produced with high efficiency by sperm mediated gene transfer. Mol Reprod Dev 2005;72: 68-76.

10. Kamath RS, Fraser AG, Dong Y, Poulin G, Durbin R, Gotta M, Kanapin A, Le Bot N, Moreno S, Sohrmann M et al. Systematic functional analysis of the Caenorhabditis elegans genome using RNAi. Nature 2003;421:231–7.

11. Melo EO, Canavessi AMO, Franco MM, Rumpf R. Animal transgenesis: state of the art and applications. J Appl Genet 2007; 48:47-61.

12. Wall RJ, Powell AM, Paape MJ, Kerr DE et al. Genetically enhanced cows resist intramammary Staphylococcus aureus infection. Nature Biotechnol 2005;23:445-51.

13. Seow Y, Wood MJ. Biological gene delivery vehicles: Beyond viral vectors. Molecular Therapy 2009;17:767-77.

14. Wells K, Moore K, Wall R. Transgene vectors go retro. Nat Biotech 1999;17: 25-6.

15. Baguisi A. Production of goats by somatic nuclear transfer. Nature Biotechnol 1999;17:456-61.

16. Golovan SP, Meidinger RG, Ajakaiye A, Cottrill M, Wiederkehr MZ, Barney DJ, Plante C, Pollard JW et al. Nat Biotechnol 2001;19:741-5. Erratum in: Nat Biotechnol 2001;9:979.

17. Boer H. Generation of transgenic dairy cattle using in vitro embryo production. Biotechnology 1991;9:844-7.

18. Hesse F, Wagner R. Developments and improvements in the manufacturing of human therapeutics with mammalian cell cultures. Trends Biotechnol 2002;18: 173-80.

19. Schniek E, Kind AJ, Ritchie WA, Mycock K, Scott AR, Ritchie M, Wilmut I, Colman A, Campbell KHS. Human factor IX transgenic sheep produced by transfer of nuclei from transfected fetal fibroblasts. Science 1997;278:2130-3.

20. Amado RG, Yi SCh. Lentiviral vectorsthe promise of gene therapy within reach? Science 1999;285(5428): 674-6.

21. Prescott LM. Microbiología. Quinta Edición. McGraw Hill/Interamericana de España SA. Madrid: 2004.

22. Cooper DKC, Kemple A, Platt L, White DJG. Xenotransplantation: The transplantation of organs and tissues between species. Second Edition. Harpers Books. New York: 1997.

23. Denman J, Hayes M. Transgenic expression of human tissue-type plasminogen activator in goat milk: purification and characterization of the recombinant enzyme. Biotechnology 1991;9:839-43.

24. Baguisla B. Production of goats by somatic nuclear transfer. Nature Biotechnol 1999;17:456-61.

25. Wilkinson JQ. Biotech plants: From lab bench to supermarket shelf. Food Technology 1997;51:37-42.

26. Goodner B. Genome sequence of the plant pathogen and biotechnology agent Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58. Science 2004;294:2323-8.

27. Agrobacterium tumefaciens: a natural tool for plant transformation. EJB Electronic Journal of Biotechnology. ISSN 0717-3458.

28. Wood DW. The genome of the natural genetic engineer Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58. Science 2004;294: 2317-23.

29. Allardet-Servent A. Presence of one linear and one circular chromosome in the Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 genome. J Bacteriol 1993;175:7869-74 .

30. Arencibia AD, Carmona ER, Téllez P, Chan MT, Yu SM, Trujillo LE, Oramas P. An efficient protocol for sugarcane (Saccharum spp L.) transformation mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Transgenic Research 1998;7:1-10.

31. Arencibia A, Molina P, Gutiérrez C, Fuentes A, Greenidge V, Menéndez E, de la Riva G, Selman-Housein G. Regeneration of transgenic sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) plants from intact meristematic tissue transformed by electroporation. Biotecnología Aplicada 1992;9:156-65.

32. Arencibia A, Molina P, de la Riva G, Selman-Housein G. Production of transgenic sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) plants by intact cell electroporation. Plant Cell Reports 1995;14:305-9.

33. Arencibia A, Vázquez R, Prieto D, Téllez P, Carmona E, Coego A, Hernández L, de la Riva G, Selman- Housein G. Transgenic sugarcane plants resistant to stem-borer attack. Molecular Breeding 1997;3:247-55.

34. Doty SL, Yu NC, Lundin JI, Heath JD, Nester EW. Mutational analysis of the input domain of the VirA protein of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. J Bacteriol 1996;178:961-70.

35. Hamilton CM. A binary-BAC system for plant transformation with highmolecular- weight DNA. Gene 1997;200: 107-16.

36. Heath JD, Charles TC, Nester EW. Ti plasmid and chromosonally encoded two-component systems important in plant cell transformation by Agrobacterium tumefaciens, En: Twocomponent signal transduction (Editores: Hoch JA, Silhavy TJ). ASM Press. Washington DC: 1995. p. 367-385.

37. Hansen G, Shillito RD, Chilton MD. Tstrand integration in maize protoplasts after codelivery of a T-DNA substrate and virulence genes. PNAS Proc Nat Acad Sc USA 1997;94:11726-30.