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2014, Número 1

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Investigación en Discapacidad 2014; 3 (1)


Biomateriales: Pieza clave en la reparación de las lesiones medulares

Parra-Cid C, Tiscareño-Pérez A, Gómez-García R

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 58
Paginas: 25-32
Archivo PDF: 218.39 Kb.


RESUMEN

La lesión medular es un padecimiento discapacitante que afecta al año a 12,000 personas, teniendo un impacto en la vida social, laboral, económica y de salud de cada uno de ellos. La etiología de este padecimiento es diversa; sin embargo, la mayor parte de las lesiones es ocasionada por traumatismos en el área de la médula espinal causado por accidentes vehiculares, laborales, caídas, entre otros. Existen diversos tratamientos; sin embargo, ninguno ayuda a la regeneración. Una alternativa es la ingeniería de los tejidos, que utiliza las herramientas y tecnologías que están a su alcance para reparar el tejido dañado mediante el uso de biomateriales que sirven de soporte para las células y que permiten el crecimiento axonal en la lesión medular, ayudando así a la reparación del tejido. Este trabajo, con base en las investigaciones sobre diversos materiales a nivel mundial, abordará el tema de los biomateriales que actualmente se están proponiendo para la reparación del tejido nervioso en la médula espinal, además de que se compararán y expondrán sus principales cualidades y características para la reparación en la lesión medular y analizará la importancia clínica que éstos tendrán en un futuro.


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