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ISSN 0188-9796 (Impreso)

2013, Número 2

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Rev Endocrinol Nutr 2013; 21 (2)


Construyendo una dieta correcta con base en el genoma latino

Ojeda-Granados C, Panduro A, Ramos-López O, Román S

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 46
Paginas: 84-92
Archivo PDF: 511.47 Kb.


RESUMEN

A nivel genético, los seres humanos somos 99% iguales. Esa pequeña fracción que difiere de una persona a otra, y que se puede presentar mediante cambios de una sola base nitrogenada (polimorfismos) en la secuencia del ADN, es la que nos hace característicamente diferentes. Conocer polimorfismos de interés y marcadores genéticos ancestrales dentro de una población permite comprender parte de nuestra historia, como saber el origen de las poblaciones que conforman el mestizaje, además del medio ambiente, estilo de vida o alimentación en el que nos hemos desenvuelto a lo largo de la historia y que posiblemente favorecieron la selección natural de ciertos polimorfismos. Latinoamérica es una región de poblaciones con características culturales y genéticas heterogéneas. Alberga también los grupos con índices de obesidad más elevados, además de otras enfermedades crónicas como diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y enfermedades cardiovasculares, las cuales son en parte consecuencia del desequilibrio gen-medio ambiente donde el estilo de vida y alimentación juegan un papel fundamental. En este artículo se presenta una propuesta de intervención nutricional que apenas empieza, en la cual la estrategia es considerar el contexto global, tanto genómico como ambiental de cada población o subgrupo, para el tratamiento y prevención de sus enfermedades.


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