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TIP Revista Especializada en Ciencias Químico-Biológicas

2013, Número 1

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TIP Rev Esp Cienc Quim Biol 2013; 16 (1)


Evitando el incesto en las plantas: control genético y bioquímico

García-Valencia LE, Bravo-Alberto CE, Cruz-García F

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 51
Paginas: 57-65
Archivo PDF: 215.50 Kb.


RESUMEN

Para evitar la endogamia muchas plantas con flores hermafroditas evolucionaron con un mecanismo para reconocer y rechazar su propio polen y que se conoce como sistema de autoincompatibilidad (AI). En muchos casos la AI está controlada genéticamente por un solo locus altamente polimórfico, conocido como locus S. Esta región del DNA incluye dos unidades transcripcionales fuertemente ligadas. Una de ellas codifica la determinante femenina (expresada en el pistilo) y la otra a la determinante masculina (expresada en el polen). En esta revisión se discuten los principales avances en el mecanismo de AI gametofítica dependiente de S-RNasas, el cual está presente en Solanaceae, Rosaceae y Plantaginaceae. En estas familias, la determinante femenina codifica una ribonucleasa (S-RNasa) y la determinante masculina una proteína con caja F (SLF/SFB). Además, se describe la participación de genes modificadores no codificados en el locus S y que son esenciales en la AI, así como la posible función de sus productos en el mecanismo de rechazo del polen. Finalmente, proponemos un modelo que incluye los principales sucesos descritos a la fecha.


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