Tovar-Rivera E, López-Martínez C, Becerra-Laparra IK, Gómez-Sandoval C, Roldán-Valadez EA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 50
Paginas: 149-155
Archivo PDF: 86.85 Kb.

RESUMEN

Introducción. La corteza pre frontal (CPF) es el área que presenta mayor pérdida de volumen a medida que envejece. El deterioro de las funciones ejecutivas del anciano se ha relacionado a esta atrofia sin patología neurológica asociada. Objetivo. Analizar la asociación entre el desempeño en pruebas que valoran funciones ejecutivas y el volumen de la corteza pre frontal en pacientes adultos mayores sin deterioro cognitivo (DC) y en pacientes con enfermedad de Alzheimer. Material y métodos. Se incluyeron 20 pacientes de 65 años o más, 10 con diagnóstico previo de enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) y 10 sin DC. Se les realizó una evaluación de las funciones ejecutivas y una resonancia magnética (RM) de cráneo con volumetría y post proceso de secuencia (DTI) de difusión. Resultados. Pacientes sin DC. Edad promedio: 71 años; 7 mujeres y 3 hombres; volumen promedio de CPF: 69.38 cm3; media de puntuación en la batería de evaluación frontal: 15.4 puntos. Pacientes con enfermedad de Alzheimer. Edad promedio: 76.8 años; 8 mujeres y 2 hombres, volumen promedio de la CPF: 55.77 cm3; media de puntuación en la batería de evaluación frontal: 10.1 puntos. Conclusiones. En los pacientes sin DC la correlación entre el volumen de la CPF y la batería de evaluación frontal fue negativa; las correlaciones con la fluidez semántica y la retención de dígitos fueron positivas. En los pacientes con EA la correlación fue positiva entre el volumen de la CPF y las pruebas de funciones ejecutivas. Los volúmenes cerebrales fueron menores en los pacientes con EA. El desempeño en la batería de evaluación frontal y fluidez semántica fue significativamente mayor en los pacientes sin DC.

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