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Acta Med 2013; 11 (1)


Sarcoma de Kaposi: revisión de la literatura e ilustración de un caso

Rojo EA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 52
Paginas: 23-31
Archivo PDF: 118.72 Kb.


RESUMEN

El sarcoma de Kaposi es un tumor mesenquimatoso con involucro de los vasos sanguíneos y linfáticos, originado por el herpesvirus humano 8, también conocido como sarcoma de Kaposi asociado a herpesvirus. Fue descrito originalmente por Moritz Kaposi, dermatólogo húngaro en la Universidad de Viena en 1872, y conocida como una de las enfermedades definitorias del SIDA desde la década de 1980, identificando así al herpesvirus humano 8 como agente causal hasta 1994. El sarcoma de Kaposi es una enfermedad sistémica que puede presentarse con lesiones cutáneas con o sin involucro interno. Cuatro subtipos se han descrito: sarcoma de Kaposi clásico, afectando a hombres de mediana edad y de origen mediterráneo judío, sarcoma de Kaposi africano endémico, sarcoma de Kaposi iatrogénico en pacientes inmunosuprimidos y sarcoma de Kaposi relacionado con síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida. Una vez que el diagnóstico de sarcoma de Kaposi se ha hecho, el tratamiento se basa en el subtipo y la presencia de enfermedad localizada versus sistémica. Este artículo proporciona una visión general de la epidemiología, subtipos, evolución clínica, patogenia y estrategias de tratamiento para el sarcoma de Kaposi, así como la presentación de un caso clínico.


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