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Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán

2009, Número 6

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Rev Invest Clin 2009; 61 (6)


Glicación y entrecruzamiento de proteínas en la patogénesis de la diabetes y el envejecimiento

Cárdenas-León M, Díaz-Díaz E, Argüelles-Medina R, Sánchez-Canales P, Díaz-Sánchez V, Larrea F

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 166
Paginas: 505-520
Archivo PDF: 235.43 Kb.


RESUMEN

Diversos estudios han establecido que la exposición prolongada a la hiperglucemia es el factor primario asociado con el desarrollo de enfermedades vasculares en pacientes diabéticos. La evidencia sugiere que muchos de estos efectos son mediados por la glucosilación no enzimática (o glicación) de proteínas que lleva a la formación de los llamados productos finales de glucosilación avanzada (AGEs por sus siglas en inglés). Este proceso se acelera en condiciones en que la concentración de glucosa se mantiene elevada por tiempos prolongados, como ocurre en la diabetes mellitus, alterando la estructura y función de proteínas como la colágena, así como de los tejidos en los cuales estos productos se acumulan. Los resultados experimentales demuestran que los AGEs pueden actuar como mediadores, de la patogénesis de las complicaciones crónicas de la diabetes y de patologías relacionadas con el envejecimiento, tales como nefropatía, Alzheimer y disfunción eréctil. En este artículo se revisa la información que a la fecha se ha generado en relación con la formación y acumulación de AGEs, sus efectos biológicos, su participación en las complicaciones asociadas a la diabetes y al envejecimiento, las estrategias terapéuticas para evitar o corregir los daños causados por estos productos y la estandarización de métodos para medir su concentración.


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