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Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán

2009, Número 6

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Rev Invest Clin 2009; 61 (6)


Esteroides sexuales e inmunidad: el papel del estradiol sobre las células dendríticas

Togno-Peirce C, Morales-Montor J

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 71
Paginas: 521-532
Archivo PDF: 181.21 Kb.


RESUMEN

El estradiol (17β-estradiol) es una hormona esteroidea que tiene efectos biológicos bien conocidos en diferentes especies de vertebrados. Sus efectos se han descrito principalmente en el desarrollo de los caracteres sexuales, sobre la fertilidad, e incluso en la sobrevivencia de las neuronas. Además de participar en estos procesos biológicos, se ha demostrado que existen diversos efectos del estradiol sobre varias funciones del sistema inmune. Debido a su participación en la regulación de las respuestas inmune, se le ha relacionado en el dimorfismo sexual inmunitario, a la frecuencia de enfermedades autoinmunes, y a la resistencia o susceptibilidad a varias infecciones, tanto virales y bacterianas, como parasitarias.
Las células dendríticas CDs (utilizaremos la abreviatura DCs, por sus siglas en inglés, que usaremos a lo largo de este escrito para evitar confusión con el término CD “cluster of differentiation”) poseen un papel central en la activación de la respuesta inmune y en el mantenimiento de la tolerancia. En los últimos años, se ha demostrado que el estradiol regula la diferenciación, y algunas otras funciones de las DCs, tanto in vitro, como in vivo. En general, es importante destacar que el estradiol puede tener efectos benéficos o perjudiciales, dependiendo del contexto fisiológico. El presente trabajo presenta un resumen de los efectos descritos del estradiol sobre las DCs, comparando la información obtenida de los estudios in vitro contra los efectos del estradiol sobre las DCs in vivo, haciendo énfasis en su papel durante la enfermedad y el posible uso de ésta información para su aplicación clínica.


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