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Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán

2007, Número 4

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Rev Invest Clin 2007; 59 (4)


Acciones calciotrópicas de la hormona paratiroidea y del sistema endocrino de la vitamina D

Avila E, Barrera D, Díaz L

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 62
Paginas: 306-317
Archivo PDF: 243.78 Kb.


RESUMEN

La hormona paratiroidea (PTH) y la 1,25-dihidroxivitamina D [1,25-(OH)2D] participan en la regulación sistémica de la homeostasis del calcio mediante efectos endocrinos secundarios a la unión a sus respectivos receptores PTHR1 y VDR en el hueso, el riñón, el intestino y las glándulas paratiroides. En el hueso, ambas hormonas favorecen la liberación de calcio a la circulación; sin embargo, también pueden ejercer efectos anabólicos. En el riñón, la PTH controla la producción de 1,25-(OH)2D y ambas hormonas incrementan la reabsorción de calcio mediante la regulación de la actividad y la síntesis de la maquinaria de transporte de calcio en los túbulos distales. La principal acción calciotrópica de la 1,25-(OH)2D es la estimulación de la absorción de calcio en el intestino delgado. En las glándulas paratiroides, la 1,25-(OH)2D controla la síntesis de la PTH mediante un mecanismo de retroalimentación negativa y funciona como un factor regulador del crecimiento de las glándulas. Finalmente, se presenta un panorama general de las adaptaciones del organismo materno en la homeostasis del calcio durante el embarazo y la lactancia.


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