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2012, Número 3

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Cir Cir 2012; 80 (3)


Prevención primaria del cáncer cervicouterino

Vargas-Hernández VM, Acosta-Altamirano G

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 42
Paginas: 291-300
Archivo PDF: 361.45 Kb.


RESUMEN

El cáncer cervicouterino es un problema de salud pública mundial, relacionado con la infección del VPH. En los países con programas organizados para detección y tratamiento de lesiones precancerosas y cáncer cervicouterino la prevención alcanza 80%; sin embargo, la prevención basada en informes de citología, colposcopia y tratamiento de lesiones es eficaz, pero costosa, invasora e inespecífica, principalmente en países en vías de desarrollo.
La prevención primaria, mediante inmunización para el virus del papiloma humano, con vacuna tetravalente contra genotipos 6, 11, 16 y 18 y bivalente contra genotipos 16 y 18 es eficaz en pacientes sin exposición previa a los genotipos virales contenidos en las vacunas, principalmente cuando no han iniciado la vida sexual activa, por eso se recomienda aplicarla a mujeres de entre 9 y 13 años de edad. La información debe proporcionarse en: la escuela, centros de salud o centros comunitarios. Deben promoverse campañas de información y difusión dirigidas a padres y personas que la soliciten. Se concluye que los programas de detección de cáncer cervicouterino son limitados y sólo la inmunización contra virus oncogénicos reducirá su frecuencia y salvará la vida de cientos de mujeres en el mundo.


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