medigraphic.com
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública

2012, Número 2

<< Anterior Siguiente >>

salud publica mex 2012; 54 (2)


Estado nutricio de hierro, zinc, cobre y magnesio en niños mexicanos de 1 a 11 años de edad

Morales-Ruán MC, Villalpando S, García-Guerra A, Shamah-Levy T, Robledo-Pérez R, Ávila-Arcos MA, Rivera JA

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 40
Paginas: 125-134
Archivo PDF: 119.20 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivo. Describir el estado nutricio de micronutrimentos en niños de 1-11 años de edad de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2006 y su asociación con factores dietéticos y sociodemográficos. Material y métodos. Se usaron muestras séricas (n=5 060) para medir las concentraciones de ferritina, receptor de transferrina, zinc, cobre y magnesio. Resultados. La prevalencias de deficiencias en niños de 1-4 y de 5 a 11 años fueron para ferritina, 26.0 y 13%; zinc, 28.1 y 25.8% respectivamente y cobre ≈30% en ambos grupos. Las concentraciones bajas de magnesio (CBM) fueron 12.0 y 28.4%, respectivamente. Ser beneficiario de Liconsa (RM=0.32; IC 95%: 0.17-0.61) y pertenecer al nivel socioeconómico alto (RM=0.63; IC, 95%: 0.41-0.97) fueron protectores para deficiencia de hierro. La edad (RM=1.26; IC, 95%: 1.19-1.32) y vivir en la región Centro (RM=0.59; IC, 95%: 0.36-0.97) fueron protectores para CBM. Conclusiones. Las deficiencias de hierro y zinc son serios problemas de salud pública en niños mexicanos.


REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)

  1. Investing in the future. A united call to action on vitamin and mineral deficiencies. Global report 2009. Ottawa, Canada: Micronutrient Initiative, 2009.

  2. Black RE, Allen L H, Bhutta Zq A, Caulfield LE, de Onis M, Ezzati M, et al. Maternal and child undernutrition: global and regional exposures and health consequences. Lancet 2008; 371(9608):243-260.

  3. Allen L, Benoist B, Dary O, Hurrel R. Guidelines on food fortification with micronutrients. Switzerland: World Health Organization, Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, 2006.

  4. 4 Stoltzfus RJ. Iron deficiency: global prevalence and consequences. Food Nutr Bull 2003;24:S99-103.

  5. Scholl TO, Reilly T. Anemia, iron and pregnancy outcome. J Nutr 2000;130:443S-447S.

  6. Brown KH, Peerson JM, Baker SJ, Hess SY. Preventive zinc supplementation among infants, preschoolers, and older prepubertal children. Food Nutr Bull 2009; 30:S12-40.

  7. Hess SY, Lönnerdal B, Hotz C, Rivera JA, Brown K. Recent advances in knowledge of zinc nutrition and human health. Food Nutr Bull 2009; 30:S5-11.

  8. Swaminathan R. Magnesium Metabolism and its disorders. Clin Biochem Rev 2003;24: 47-66.

  9. Arnaud JM. Update on the assessment of magnesium status. B J Nutr 2008;99 Suppl 3:S24-36.

  10. Huerta GM, Roemmich NJ, Kington LM, Bovbjerg EV, Weltman LA, Holmes FV, et al. Magnesium deficiency Is associated with insulin resistance in obese children. Diabetes Care 2005;28:1175-1181.

  11. Fraga C. Relevance, essentiality and toxicity of trace elements in human health. Mol Aspects Med 2005;26:235-244.

  12. Desai V, Kaler SG. Role of copper in human neurological disorders. Am J Clin Nutr 2008;88:855S-8S.

  13. Cater MA, Mercer JFB. Copper in mammals: mechanisms of homeostasis and pathophysiology. Molecular Biology of Metal Homeostasis and Detoxification. In: Tamás MJ, Martinoia E (ed). Topics in Current Genetics. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer-Verlag Heiderlberg, 2005: 101-129.

  14. Villalpando S, García-Guerra A, Ramírez-Silva CI, Mejía-Rodríguez F, Matute G, Shamah-Levy T, et al. Iron, zinc and iodide status in Mexican children under 12 years and women 12-49 years of age. A probabilistic national survey. Salud Publica Mex 2003;45 suppl 4:520-529.

  15. Palma O, Shamah-Levy T, Franco A, Olaiz-Fernández G, Méndez I. Metodología. In: Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (ENSANUT-2006). Cuernavaca, México: Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, 2006:19-33.

  16. Resano E, Méndez I, Shamah T, Rivera J, Sepúlveda J. Methods of the National Nutrition Survey 1999. Salud Publica Mex 2003:45 suppl 4:558-564.

  17. Rodríguez-Ramírez S, Mundo-Rosas V, Jiménez-Aguilar A, Shamah- Levy T. Methodology for the analysis of dietary data from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2006. Salud Publica Mex 2009;51 suppl 4:523-529.

  18. World Health Organization. Iron deficiency anaemia: assessment, prevention, and control. A guide for programme managers. Geneva: WHO, 2001. WHO/NHD/01.3.

  19. Beguin Y. Soluble transferrin receptor for the evaluation of erythropoiesis and iron status. Clin Chim Acta 2003;329:9-22.

  20. International Zinc Nutrition Consultative Group. Assessment of the risk of zinc deficiency in populations and options for its control. Technical Document #1. Food Nutr Bull 2004;25:S94-S203.

  21. Ghasemi A, Syedmoradi L, Zahediasl S, Azizi F. Pediatric reference values for serum magnesium levels in Iranian subjects. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2010;70:415-420.

  22. Cordano A. Clinical manifestations of nutritional copper deficiency in infants and children. Am J Clin Nutr 1998;67:S1012-S1016.

  23. Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Principios de orientación para la alimentación complementaria del niño amamantado. Unidad de nutrición, salud de la familia y comunidad. Washington DC: OPS, 2003.

  24. Neufeld LM, Ramakrishnan U. Specific Strategies to Address Micronutrient Deficiencies in the Young Child: Targeted Fortification. In: Pettifor JM, Zlotkin S eds. Micronutrient Deficiencies during the Weaning Period and the First Years of Life. Nestlé Nutrition Workshop Series, Pediatric Program. Vevey: Nestec Ltd and Basel: S Karger 2004;54:83-103.

  25. Lee EJ, Oh EJ, Park YJ, Lee HK, Kim BK. Soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), Ferritin, and sTfR/log ferritin index in anemic patients with nonhematologic malignancy and chronic Inflammation. Clin Chem 2002;48:1118-1121.

  26. Skikne BS, Flowers CH, Cook JD. Serum transferrin receptor: a quantitative measure of tissue iron deficiency. Blood 1990;75:1870-1876.

  27. Gibson RS. Assessment of Iron Status. Gibson RS, ed. Principles of Nutritional Assessment. New York - Oxford: Oxford University Press 2005:443-476.

  28. Villalpando S, Shamah T, Rivera JA, Lara Y, Monterrubio E. Fortifying milk with ferrous gluconate and zinc oxide in a public nutrition program reduced the prevalence of anemia in toddlers. J Nutr 2006;136:2633-2637.

  29. Rivera JA, Shamah T, Villalpando S, Monterrubio E. Effectiveness of a large-scale iron-fortified milk distribution program on anemia and iron deficiency in low-income young children in Mexico. Am J Clin Nutr 2010;91:431-439.

  30. Rivera JA, Sotres-Alvarez D, Habicht JP, Shamah T, Villalpando S. Impact of the Mexican Program for Education, Health and Nutrition (Progresa) on rates of growth and anemia in infants and young children. A randomized effectiveness study. JAMA 2004;291:2563-2570.

  31. Leroy J, García-Guerra A, Garcia R, Dominguez C, Rivera JA, Neufeld LM. The Oportunidades Program Increases the Linear Growth of Children Enrolled at Young Ages in Urban Mexico. J Nutr 2008; 138:793-798.

  32. Neufeld LM, Mejia F, Fernández Gaxiola AC, García Guerra A, Méndez I, Domínguez CP. Diagnóstico situacional del estado nutricio de niños menores de dos años de edad y de sus madres, beneficiarios de Oportunidades en zonas rurales. En: Evaluación externa del Programa Oportunidades 2008. A diez años de intervención en zonas rurales (1997-2007). Vol 2. El reto de la calidad de los servicios: resultados en salud y nutrición. Cuernavaca: Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, 2008.

  33. García-Guerra A, Rivera-Dommarco J, Neufeld L, Domínguez-Islas CP. Effect of three supplements with equal micronutrient content on serum zinc concentrations in Mexican children. FASEB J 2009;23:917.13.

  34. Krebs N. Overview of zinc absorption and excretion in the human gastrointestinal tract. J Nutr 2000;130:S1374-S1377.

  35. World Health Organization. Zinc. Vitamin and mineral requirements in human nutrition. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2004:230-245.

  36. Schneider JM, Fujii ML, Lamp CL, Lönnerdal B, Zidenberg-Cherr S. The prevalence of low serum zinc and copper levels and dietary habits associated with serum zinc and copper in 12- to 36-month-old children from low-income families at risk for iron deficiency. J Am Diet Assoc 2007;107:1924-1929.

  37. Rodríguez D, Papale J, Dellan G, Torres M, Berné Y, Mendoza N, et al. Deficiencia de zinc y cobre en menores de 15 años en una población rural de Venezuela. Boletín Médico 2004:20:55-60.

  38. Rosado J. Ingestión dietética recomendada de cobre. En: Bourgues H, Casanueva E, Rosado J, ed. Ingestión de nutrimentos para la población mexicana, bases fisiológicas. México D.F.: Médica Panamericana, 2005:273-280.

  39. Nhien NV, Khan NC, Yabutani T, Ninh NX, Chung le TK, Motonaka J, et al. Relationship of low serum selenium to anemia among primary school children living in rural Vietnam. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol 2008;54:454-459.

  40. Srinivasa-Reddy Y, Pullakhandam R, Radha-Krishna KV, Uday-Kumar P, Dinesh-Kumar B. Lead and essential trace element levels in school children: a cross-sectional study. Ann Hum Biol 2011;38:372-377.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com