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2012, Número 1

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Rev Mex Anest 2012; 35 (1)


Tendencias de prescripción en el control del dolor en un Hospital de Ortopedia y Traumatología

García-Miranda GM, Guevara-López U, Serratos-Vázquez MC, Roa-Aguirre L, Rivera-Saldívar G

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 25
Paginas: 40-45
Archivo PDF: 92.50 Kb.


RESUMEN

El trauma ocupa uno de los primeros sitios de morbimortalidad en el mundo, produce severo impacto bio-psicosocial, incapacidad funcional y severas repercusiones en la sociedad y financieras. Se ha tratado con fármacos y métodos no farmacológicos sin lograr un alivio eficaz, por lo que nos propusimos el Objetivo de identificar las tendencias de prescripción de analgésicos en un hospital de trauma y ortopedia. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y prospectivo evaluando la intensidad del dolor con dos escalas: visual análoga (EVA) y escala verbal análoga (EVERA) en tres tiempos. El dolor promedio según la EVA al ingreso fue de 5.33 ± 2.33, en el postquirúrgico inmediato de 5.97 ± 2.04 y en el postquirúrgico tardío 5.4 ± 2.02. Según la escala EVERA inicial, el 24.4% presentó dolor leve, 40.4% moderado y 35.2% severo; en el postoperatorio inmediato 14.6% tuvo dolor leve, 40.8% moderado y 44.4% severo, y en el postoperatorio tardío 20.3% dolor leve, 47.0% moderado y 32.5% severo; los analgésicos más utilizados fueron paracetamol, ketorolaco, diclofenaco y etofenamato y los opiáceos nalbufina, buprenorfina y dextropropoxifeno. Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que el dolor es mal evaluado y que a pesar de emplearse diversos fármacos persisten cifras altas de dolor.


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