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2011, Número 4

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Rev Mex Anest 2011; 34 (4)


El despertar intraoperatorio en anestesia, una revisión

Niño-de Mejía MC, Hennig JC, Cohen D

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 56
Paginas: 274-285
Archivo PDF: 126.09 Kb.


RESUMEN

El despertar intraoperatorio es la experiencia de recuerdos explícitos de eventos reales durante anestesia general, a pesar de la propiedad supresora de los anestésicos sobre la memoria. Para la aparición de esta complicación es necesaria la recolección consciente del suceso, lo que llamamos formación de memoria explícita. La incidencia anual está alrededor del 0.1 al 0.02% en adultos y en niños del 0.6 al 1%. Se conocen varios factores de riesgo como son la superficialidad anestésica, diversos tipos de cirugía como obstétrica y cardíaca, pacientes con baja reserva funcional y pacientes con incrementado requerimiento farmacológico. El diagnóstico de esta potencialmente grave complicación debe corroborarse con test de evaluación basados en interrogatorios dirigidos y dado que las complicaciones pueden ser graves e incapacitantes a largo plazo, requieren habitualmente del manejo multidisciplinario del caso. La gravedad de esta complicación ha despertado en los anestesiólogos el interés por conocer y evitar de forma segura su aparición y los métodos de monitorización neurológica de la actividad cerebral han proliferado en la práctica actual, mostrando hasta ahora resultados variables pero mostrando avances importantes para hacer desaparecer en un futuro este flagelo.


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