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2008, Número 2

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Arch Med Fam 2008; 10 (2)


Síndrome de burnout y estrés laboral: Una revisión

Joffre-Velázquez VM, Saldívar-González AH, García-Maldonado G

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 66
Paginas: 65-72
Archivo PDF: 100.41 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivo: Describir conceptos sobre el síndrome de burnout y el estrés laboral. Material y métodos: Búsqueda en las bases de datos MedLine y EBSCO host utilizando las palabras clave:burnout, stress, profesionales de la salud y ambiente laboral. Se seleccionaron trabajos de los últimos 5 años, pero se tomaron en cuenta algunos anteriores si eran relevantes. Resultados: Se define al estrés como la respuesta no específica del organismo a demandas externas. El área laboral es un escenario donde esta circunstancia prevalece con mayor intensidad. El síndrome de burnout se ha traducido como el síndrome “estar quemado por el trabajo”, se define como una respuesta al estrés laboral crónico y se caracteriza por actitudes y sentimientos negativos, además de la percepción de encontrarse emocionalmente agotado. La prevalencia de este síndrome varía según los estudios y tipos de población, pero los profesionales de la salud son poblaciones con más alto riesgo. El inventario de Maslach es el instrumento más usado para identificar y evaluar este trastorno. Conclusión: Se requiere más investigación en este campo para favorecer mecanismos de detección temprana de casos sobre todo en grupos de alto riesgo.


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