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Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán

2010, Número 2

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Rev Biomed 2010; 21 (2)


El fosfatidilinositol-4,5-bifosfato y sus acciones sobre los canales iónicos

Pérez-Burgos A, Alamilla J

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 43
Paginas: 97-107
Archivo PDF: 197.73 Kb.


RESUMEN

En los últimos años, se ha acumulado evidencia acerca del trascendental papel del fosfatidilinositol-4,5-bifosfato o PI(4,5)P2 y la regulación que posee sobre un cúmulo cada vez más amplio de canales iónicos, así como sobre otras proteínas intracelulares no menos importantes. Esta regulación debe su valor principalmente al papel que los diferentes canales iónicos desempeñan sobre la regulación de la liberación de neurotransmisores, a su efecto sobre la frecuencia de disparo en las neuronas cerebrales (y de otras áreas del sistema nervioso) e, inclusive, a la regulación de los mecanismos implicados en la generación de la sensación térmica, la regulación de la presión arterial y la sensación de dolor, entre otros procesos. Por tanto, si el PI(4,5)P2 es capaz de modular canales iónicos que están implicados en estas funciones fisiológicas, entonces las acciones de este fosfolípido dirigen múltiples y variados procesos celulares y él orquesta complejas interacciones entre las cadenas de señalización involucradas. Este trabajo tiene por objeto revisar los hallazgos más substanciales sobre la creciente importancia del PI(4,5)P2 en la transducción de señales, así como los mecanismos propuestos (aún no completamente dilucidados) a través de los cuales lleva a cabo sus acciones sobre los canales iónicos. Finalmente, se puede concluir que la interacción física (existen varios modelos sobre cómo esta interacción puede ocurrir) entre el PI(4,5)P2 y los canales iónicos parece ser necesaria para que estos canales puedan mantenerse abiertos y, a su vez, la degradación de este fosfoinosítido produce generalmente una inhibición de la corriente generada por estos canales iónicos.


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