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2003, Número 1

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Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2003; 41 (1)


El tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial al final del siglo XXI. Una mirada a la terapia génica

Calvo VC, Covarrubias PA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 54
Paginas: 45-54
Archivo PDF: 97.58 Kb.


RESUMEN

En este artículo se hace una revisión de los avances que sobre el conocimiento de la hipertensión arterial se tuvo durante el siglo pasado, de las expectativas al inicio del actual y, para finalizar, del desarrollo de la terapia génica. Si bien sir Clifford Albutt describió el concepto de enfermedad hipertensiva en los primeros años del siglo XX, la presión arterial no se pudo medir en el consultorio sino a partir de 1905, año en el que Nikolai Korotkoff descubrió el método auscultatorio para hacerlo. Para 1967 se publicó el primer ensayo clínico que demostró los beneficios del tratamiento antihipertensivo, al reducir la mortalidad en pacientes con hipertensión severa. En 1995 se informó por primera ocasión la transfe-rencia genética para el tratamiento de la hipertensión, modificando la actividad vasodilatadora. La presión arterial sistólica disminuyó entre 10 y 15 % en los animales con los cuales se experimentó. Recientemente se ha realizado terapia génica en seres humanos, utilizando trasplantes de tejido venoso para disminuir las posibilidades de rechazo. La capacidad de transfección fue de 89 % en el grupo que recibió E2F decodificado. Doce meses después de la aplicación del trasplante hubo menos oclusiones parciales o totales, y menos rechazos del tejido trasplantado.


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