López-Ordaz R, Castillo-Juárez H, Montaldo HH

Idioma: Español/Inglés
Referencias bibliográficas: 51
Paginas: 343-356
Archivo PDF: 176.06 Kb.

RESUMEN

El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar covarianzas genéticas y fenotípicas para características de la curva de lactancia y días abiertos en vacas Holstein. Los datos incluyeron 1 579 lactancias de 766 vacas, hijas de 126 sementales, en un hato en el norte de México. Las características estudiadas por lactancia fueron días abiertos (DO), producción máxima de leche (PMÁX), días a la producción máxima (DPMÁX), producción de leche de 305 días (MP305), persistencia de la lactancia por Wood (PERSW), persistencia de Wood expresada como logaritmo natural (LNPERSW) y persistencia medida como ((producción al día 305/PMÁX) × 100) (PERS). Los componentes de covarianza fueron obtenidos mediante el uso de modelos univariados y bivariados con máxima verosimilitud restringida. Las heredabilidades estimadas para las características con el modelo de repetibilidad tuvieron valores generalmente inferiores a los estimados con los análisis dentro de lactancia. Las heredabilidades promedio estimadas con modelos univariados dentro de lactancia para DO, MP305, PMÁX, DPMÁX y LNPERSW fueron 0.13 ± 0.09, 0.28 ± 0.09, 0.28 ± 0.09, 0.17 ± 0.10 y 0.22 ± 0.10, respectivamente. Las correlaciones genéticas entre MP305 y DO (0.66±0.57) y entre PMÁX y DO (0.55 ± 0.71) fueron desfavorables para las primeras lactancias, pero con errores estándar elevados. Los resultados confirman una heredabilidad baja para DO, pero con valores posiblemente mayores en vacas jóvenes. La correlación genética entre MP305 y PMÁX fue de 0.89± 0.09 y entre LNPERSW y DPMÁX fue 0.98 ± 0.21 para la tercera lactancia, lo que indica que DPMÁX es buen estimador de la persistencia. No se encontró evidencia de correlación genética entre MP305 y LNPERSW.

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