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2005, Número 1

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Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2005; 43 (1)


Edad de aparición de los diferentes tumores malignos en la infancia

Mejía AJM, Flores AH, Juárez MI, Vázquez LJ, Games EJ, Pérez SML, Ortega ÁMC, Rendón MME, Fajardo GA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 95
Paginas: 25-37
Archivo PDF: 367.28 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivo: identificar la principal edad de aparición para los diferentes tumores malignos en la infancia y describir la distribución de los tumores por cada grupo pediátrico.
Material y métodos: encuesta descriptiva. Se revisaron los expedientes de seis hospitales de la ciudad de México durante el periodo de 1980 a 1992. Se incluyeron 4595 casos divididos en 13 tipos de cáncer. Se definió un pico de edad cuando en un año de edad se encontró una frecuencia igual o mayor de 10 % de los casos.
Resultados: para los tumores hepáticos, del sistema nervioso simpático, de células germinales, retinoblastoma y rabdomiosarcoma, el pico de edad estuvo entre los dos y tres años; tumor de Wilms, entre el primer y cuarto año; tumores del sistema nervioso central, entre los cuatro y cinco; leucemia aguda linfoblástica, entre los dos y cuatro; linfoma no Hodgkin, entre los tres y seis; enfermedad de Hodgkin, entre cuatro y ocho; tumores óseos, entre 10 y 14. En leucemia aguda mieloblástica y carcinomas no se encontraron picos de edad de presentación.
Conclusiones: los linfomas presentan un pico de edad diferente al reportado en países desarrollados. En neonatos y lactantes el tumor más frecuente fue el retinoblastoma.


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