medigraphic.com

2008, Número 3

<< Anterior Siguiente >>

Trauma 2008; 11 (3)


Lesión por isquemia reperfusión y trauma hepático

Montalvo-Jave EE, Valdés RA, Martínez GA, Fernández HE, Montalvo ACE, Ortega SJA, Piña E

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 90
Paginas: 92-100
Archivo PDF: 103.09 Kb.


RESUMEN

El presente estudio revisa el efecto de la lesión por isquemia reperfusión a nivel sistémico y principalmente en trauma hepático. Se presentan los principales eventos celulares y moleculares subyacentes a la lesión tisular producida por isquemia reperfusión. Conocer los efectos ocasionados en el hígado y otros órganos resulta indispensable para el clínico en la atención de los pacientes politraumatizados, especialmente los que sufren lesión intraabdominal como trauma contuso de abdomen, lesiones punzocortantes o por arma de fuego entre otras que requieren reparación y en casos resecciones hepáticas, incluso en algunos casos puede llegar a ser candidato a trasplante hepático. Conocer los principales mediadores de la respuesta inflamatoria sistémica e inherentes al hígado, complementa la terapéutica de esta patología, se revisan de manera concisa algunos métodos quirúrgicos potencialmente protectores del daño como es el preacondicionamiento hepático, para tratar de reducir los efectos posteriores a la reoxigenación y restablecimiento del flujo hepático en este tipo de pacientes.


REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)

  1. Christian M, Matthias G. Ischemic preconditioning impairs liver regeneration in extended reduced-size livers. Ann Surg 2005; 241: 477-484.

  2. Bilzer M, Gerbes AL. Preservation injury of the liver: mechanism and novel therapeutic strategies. J Hepatol 2000; 32: 508-515.

  3. Serracino–Inglott F, Habib NA, Mathie RT. Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am J Surg 2001; 181: 160-166.

  4. Belghiti J, Noun R, Malafosse R et al. Continuous versus intermittent portal triad clamping for liver resection: a controlled study. Ann Surg 1999; 229: 369-375.

  5. Huguet C, Gavelli A, Bona S. Hepatic resection with ischemia of the liver exceeding one hour. J Am Coll Surg 1994; 178: 454-458.

  6. Lemaster JJ, Thurman RG. Reperfusion injury after liver preservation for transplantation. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 1997; 37: 327-338.

  7. Arii S, Teramoto K, Kawamura T. Current progress in the understanding of and therapeutic strategies for ischemia and reperfusion injury of the liver. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2003; 10: 189-194.

  8. Teoh NC, Farell GC. Hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury: pathogenic mechanism and basis for hepatoprotection. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2003; 18: 891-902.

  9. Selzner M, Clavien PA. Fatty liver in liver transplantation and surgery. Semin Liver Dis 2001; 21: 105-113.

  10. Ezaki T, Seo Y, Tomoda H et al. Partial hepatic resection under intermittent hepatic inflow occlusion in patients with chronic liver disease. Br J Surg 1992; 79: 224-226.

  11. Glanemann M, Langrehr JM, Stange BJ et al. Clinical implications of hepatic preservation injury after adult liver transplantation. Am J Transplan 2003; 3: 1003-1009.

  12. Carini R, Albano E. Recent insights on the mechanisms of liver preconditioning. Gastroenterology 2003; 125: 1480-1491.

  13. Koti RS, Seifalian AM, Davidson BR. Protection of the liver by ischemic preconditioning. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2003; 284: G15-26.

  14. Jaeschke H. Molecular mechanisms of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury and preconditioning. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2003; 284: G15-26.

  15. Murry CE, Jennings RB, Reimer KA. Preconditioning with ischemia: a delay of lethal cell injury in ischemic myocardium. Circulation 1986; 74: 1124-1136.

  16. Troisi R, Cammu G, Militerno G et al. Modulation of portal graft inflow: a necessity in adult living-donor liver transplantation? Ann Surg 200; 237: 429-436.

  17. Man K, Fan ST, Lo CM et al. Graft injury in relation to graft size in right lobe live donor liver transplantation: a study of hepatic sinusoidal injury in correlation with portal hemodynamics and intragraft gene expression. Ann Surg 2003; 237: 256-264.

  18. Man K, Lo CM, Ng IO et al. Liver transplantation in rats using small-for-size grafts: a study of hemodynamic and morphological changes. Arch Surg 2001; 136: 280-285.

  19. Glenemann M, Vollmar B, Nussler AK et al. Ischemic preconditioning protects from hepatic ischemia/reperfusion-injury by preservation of microcirculation and mitochondrial redox-state. J Hepatol 2003; 38: 59-66.

  20. Serafin A, Rosello-Catafau J, Prats N et al. Ischemia preconditioning increases the tolerante of fatty liver to hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat. Am J Pathol 2002; 161: 587-601.

  21. Selzner N, Selnzer M, Jochum W et al. Ischemic preconditioning protects the steatonic mouse liver against reperfusion injury: an ATP dependent N, Dai CL, Okamoto E. Historical evolution of hypothermic liver surgery. World J Surg 1998; 22: 1104-1107.

  22. Sojinna C, Joonhwa N. Mild hypotermia provides significant protection against Ischemia/reperfusion injury in livers of obese and lean rats. Ann Surg 2005; 241: 470-476.

  23. Sessler DI. Complications and treatment of mild hypothermia. Anesthesiology 2001; 95: 531-543.

  24. Kettner SC, Sitzwohl C, Zimpfer M et al. The effect of graded hypothermia (36 degrees C-32 degrees C) on hemostasis in anesthetized patients without surgical trauma. Anesth Analg 2203; 96: 1772-1776.

  25. Guest JD, Vanni S, Silbert L. Mild hypothermia, blood loss and complications in elective spinal surgery. Spine J 2004; 4: 130-137.

  26. Quinones-Baldrich WJ. Descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair: 15-years results using a uniform approach. Ann Vasc Surg 2004, Apr 21[E-pub ahead of print].

  27. Gloviczki P. Repair of thoracoabdominal aneurysms: patient selection, techniques and results. Cardiovasc Surg 2002; 10: 434-441.

  28. Smyrniotis V. Kostopanagiotou G, Theodoraki K et al. The role of central venous pressure and type of vascular control in blood loss during major liver resections. Am J Surg 2004; 187: 398-402.

  29. Otsubo T, Takasaki K, Yamamoto M et al. Bleeding during hepatectomy can be reduced by clamping the inferior vena cava below the liver. Surgery 2004; 135: 67-73.

  30. Flores-Maldonado A, Medina-Escobedo CE, Ríos-Rodríguez HM et al. Mild perioperatve hypothermia and the risk of wound infection. Arch Med Res 2001; 32: 227-231.

  31. Kurz A, Sessler SI, Lenhardt R. Peroperative normothermia to reduce the incidence of surgical-wound infection and shorten hospitalization: Study of wound infection and temperature group. N Engl J Med 1996; 334: 1209-1215.

  32. Barone JE, Tucker JB, Cecere J et al. Hypothermia does not result in more complications after colon surgery. Am Surg 1999; 65: 356-359.

  33. Montalvo-Jave EE, Escalante-Tattersfield EE, Ortega-Salgado JA, Enrique Piña E, Geller DA. Factors in the pathophysiology of the liver ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Surg Res 2008; 147: 153-159.

  34. Kim JS, He L, Lemasters JJ. Mitochondrial permeability transition: a common pathway to necrosis and apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2003; 304: 463-470.

  35. Selzner M, Rudiger HA, Sindram D et al. Mechanims of ischemic injury are different in the steatonic and normal rat liver. Hepatology 2000; 32: 1280-1288.

  36. Vaubourdolle M, Chazouilleres O, Poupon R et al. Creatine Kinase-BB: a marker of liver sinusoidal damage in ischemia-reperfusion. Hepatology 1993; 17: 423-428.

  37. Carden DL, Granger DN. Pathophysiology of ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Pathol 2000; 190: 255-266.

  38. Yoshizumi T, Yanaga K, Soejima Y et al. Amelioration of liver injury by ischaemic preconditioning. Br J Surg 1998; 85: 1636-1640.

  39. Yadav SS, Sindram D, Perry DK et al. Ischemic preconditioning protects the mouse liver by inhibition of apoptosis though a caspasedependent pathway. Hepatology 1999; 30: 1223-1231.

  40. Teoh N, Dela Pena A, Farrel G. Hepatic ischemic preconditioning in mice is associated with activation of NF-kappaB, p38 kinase, and cell cycle entry. Hepatology 2002; 36: 94-102.

  41. Wag HH, Lautt WW. Evidence of nitric oxide, a flow´dependent factor, being a trigger of liver regeneration in rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1998; 76: 1072-1079.

  42. SAro Y, Tsukada K, Hatakeyama K. Role of shear stress and immune responses in liver regeneration after a partial hepatectomy. Surg Today 1999; 29: 1-9.

  43. Niiya T, Murakami M, Aoki T et al. Immediate increase of portal pressure, reflecting sinusoidal shear stress, induced liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 1999; 6: 275-280.

  44. Eguchi S, Yanaga K, Sugiyama N et al. Relationship between portal venous flow and liver regeneration in patients after living donor right lobe liver transplantation. Liver Trnaspl 2003; 9: 547-551.

  45. Sato B, Tokka A, Yamaoka Y. Living related liver transplation for fulminant failure hepatic in children.Transplant Inc 1994; 7 (Supl. 1): 5108-5110.

  46. Marcos A, Olzanski AT, Ham JM et al. The interrelationship between portal and arterial blood flow after adult to adult living donor liver transplantation. Transplantation 2000; 70: 1697-1703.

  47. Troisi R, de Hemptinne B. Clinical relevance of adapting portal vein flow in living donor liver transplantation in adult patients. Liver Transpl 2003; 9: S36-41.

  48. Goldstein MJ, Salame E, Kapuer S et al. Analysis of failure in living donor liver transplantation: differential outcomes in children and adults. World J Surg 2003; 27: 356-364.

  49. Kiuchi T, Tanaka K, Ito T et al. Small-for-size graft in living donor liver transplantation: how far should we go? Liver Transpl 2003; 9: S29-35.

  50. Panis Y, McMullan DM, Emond JC. Progressive necrosis after hepatectomy and the pathophysiology of liver failure after massive resection. Surgery 1997; 121: 142-149.

  51. Weinsberg JM. The cell biology of ischemic renal injury. Kidney Int 1991; 39: 476.

  52. Zimmerman BJ, Gragner DN. Mechanism of reperfusion injury. Am J Med Sci 1994; 307: 284.

  53. Grace PA. Ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Br J Surg 1994; 81: 637.

  54. Shoskes DA, Halloran PF. Delayed graft function in renal transplantation: Etiology, management and long-term significance. J Urol 1996; 155: 1831.

  55. Reilly PM, Schiller HJ, Bulkley GB. Pharmacological approach to tissue injury mediated by free radicals and other reactive oxygen metabolites. Am J Surg 1991; 161: 488.

  56. Weigth SC, Bell PR, Nicholson ML. Renal ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Br J Surg 1996; 83: 162.

  57. Land W, Messmer K. The impact of ischemia/reperfusion injury on specific and non specific, early and late chronic events after organ transplantation. Transplant Rev 1996; 10: 108.

  58. Granger DEN, Korthuis RJ. Physiologic mechanism of postischemic tissue injury. Annu Rev Physiol 1995; 57: 311.

  59. Wink DA, Mitchell JB. Chemical biology of nitric oxide: Insights into regulatory cytotoxic, and cytoprotective mechanisms of nitric oxide. Free Radicals Biol Med 1998; 25: 434.

  60. Gragner DN. Role of xanthine oxidase and granulocytes in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am J Physiol 1988; 255: H1269.

  61. Tyler DD. Polarographic assay and intracellular distribution of superoxidase dismutase in rat liver. Biochem J 1975; 147: 493.

  62. Halliwell B, Gutteridge JM, Cross E. Free radicals, antioxidants, and human disease: Where are we? J Lab Clin Med 1992; 119: 598.

  63. Halliwell B, Gutteridge JM. Biologically relevant metal ion-dependent hydroxil radical generation. An update. FEBS Lett 1992; 307: 108.

  64. Wink DA, Wink CB, Nims R et al. Oxidizing intermediates generated in the Fenton reagent: Kinetic arguments against the intermediacy of the hydroxyl radical. Environ Health Perspect 1994; 102: 11.

  65. Halliwell B, Clement MV, Ramalingan J, Long LH. Hidrogen peroxyde. Ubiquitus in cell culture and in vivo? IUBMB Life 2000; 50: 251.

  66. Halliwell B, Clement MV, Long LH. Hydrogen peroxide in the human body. FEBS Lett 2000; 486: 10.

  67. Guo, JP, Murohara T, Buerke M et al. Direct measurement of nitric oxide release from vascular endothelial cells. J Appl Physiol 1996; 81: 774.

  68. Lefer AM, Lefer DJ. The role of nitric oxide and cell adhesion molecules on the microcirculation in ischemia-reperfusion. Cardiovasc Res 1996; 32: 743.

  69. Grisham MB, Granger MDN, Lefer DJ. Modulation of leucoyte-endothelial interactions by reactive metabolites of oxygen and nitrogen: Relevance to ischemic herat disease. Free Radicals Biol Med 1998; 25: 404.

  70. Springer TA. Traffic signals for lymphocite recirculation and leukocyte emigration: the multistep paradigm. Cell 1994; 76: 301.

  71. Granger DN, Kubes P. The microcirculation and inflammation: Modulation of leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion. J Leukocyte Biol 1994; 55: 662.

  72. Carden DL, Smith JK, Korthius RJ. Neutrophil-mediated microvascular dysfunction in postischemic canine skeletal muscle: Role of granulocyte adherence. Circ Res 1990; 66: 1436.

  73. Weiss SJ. Tissue destruction by neutrophils. N Engl J Med 1989; 320: 365.

  74. Bagge U, Amundson B, Lauritzen C. White blood cell deformability and plugging of skeletal muscle capillaries in hemorrhagic shock. Acta Physiol Scand 1980; 108: 159.

  75. Mueller AR, Platz KP, Nuslerr NC et al. Characterization and modulation of preservation/reperfusion injury after small bowel transplantation. Transplant Proc 1999; 31: 579.

  76. Jassem W, Roake J. The molecular and cellular basis of reperfusion injury following organ transplantation. Transplant Rev 1998; 12: 14.

  77. Belzer FO, Southard JH. Principles of solid-organ preservation by cold storage. Transplantation 1988; 45: 673.

  78. White BD, Martin RJ. Evidence for a central mechanism of obesity in the Zucker rat: role of neuropeptide Y and leptin. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1997; 214: 222-232.

  79. Amersi F, Farmer DG, Shaw GD et al. P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1(rPSGL-Ig)-mediated blockade of CD62 selectin molecules protects rat steatonic liver grafts from ischemia/reperfusion injury. Am J Transplant 2002; 2: 600-608.

  80. Coito AJ, Buelow R, Shen XD et al. Heme oxygenase-1 gene transfer inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and protects genetically fat Zucker rat livers from ischemia-reperfusion injury. Transplantation 2002; 74: 96-102.

  81. Reddy MC, Koneru B, Soni S et al. 3IP nuclear magnetic resonance study of phospholipids in ischemia/reperfusion injury in a rat fatty liver model. Transplantation 1996; 61: 1151-1155.

  82. Clavien PA, Selzner M, Rudiger HA et al. A prospective randomized study in 100 consecutive patients undergoing major liver resection with versus without ischemic preconditioning. Ann Surg 2000; 238: 843-850.

  83. Selnzer N, Rudiger H, Graf R et al. Protective strategies against ischemic injury of the liver. Gastroenterology 2003; 125: 917-936.

  84. Peralta C, Closa D, Hotter G et al. Liver ischemic preconditioning is mediated by the inhibitory action of nitric oxide on endothelin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1996; 229: 264-270.

  85. Nilsson B, Friman S, Gustafsson BI et al. Preconditioning protects against ischemia/reperfusion injury of the liver. J Gastrointest Surg 2000; 4: 44-49.

  86. Zalpletal C, Maksan SM, Lehmann T et al. Ischemic preconditioning improves liver microcirculation after ischemia/reperfusion. Transplant Proc 1999; 31: 3260-3262.

  87. Tadros T, Traber, Daniel L, Herndon DN. Trauma-and sepsis-induced hepatic ischemia and reperfusion injury: Role of Angiotensin II. Archives of Surgery 2000; 135(7): 766-772.

  88. Gertsch P, Vandoni RE, Pelloni A, Krpo A, Alerci M. Localized hepatic ischemia after liver resection: A prospective evaluation. Annals of Surgery 2007; 246(6): 958-965.

  89. Richardson JD, Glen AF, Lukan JK, Carrillo EH, Spain DA, Miller FB, Wilson MA, Polk HC Jr., Flint LM. Evolution in the management of hepatic trauma: A 25-year perspective. Ann Surgery 2000; 233: 324-330.

  90. Jarrar D, Wang P, Cioffi WG, Bland KC, Irshad H. Critical role of oxygen radicals in the initiation of hepatic depression after trauma hemorrhage. Journal of Trauma-Injury Infection & Critical Care. 2000; 49: 879-885.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com