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Academia Mexicana de Neurología, A.C.

2006, Número 3

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Rev Mex Neuroci 2006; 7 (3)


Deterioro cognitivo en la epilepsia

Aguilar FL, Morgade FRM, Rodríguez VRF, Alvarez AA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 90
Paginas: 218-224
Archivo PDF: 83.00 Kb.


FRAGMENTO

Introducción: La infancia es la etapa donde alrededor de ¾ partes de los enfermos epilépticos empiezan a manifestar sus ataques, la mayoría de éstos llevan un estilo de vida normal. La prevalencia de los trastornos conductuales entre los niños epilépticos es 4.7 veces mayor que en los niños sanos. Factores orgánicos: La epilepsia produce deterioro cognitivo, el cual se incrementa si la misma se asocia a daño cerebral. En los sujetos epilépticos con lesión, el deterioro cognitivo está relacionado con la función fisiológica del sitio anatómico afectado. Factores relacionados con la enfermedad: Entre estos factores destacan por su importancia la etiología de la epilepsia, la edad de inicio de las crisis, la duración de la enfermedad, el tipo y la frecuencia de las crisis, así como las descargas epileptiformes subclínicas. La decisión de iniciar el tratamiento antiepiléptico debe estar basada en una relación riesgo-beneficio. Conclusiones: Los efectos en el control de la crisis pueden mejorar la cognición y la conducta con el uso de nuevos fármacos antiepilépticos. Finalmente, también es importante el uso de la monoterapia y tener en cuenta los problemas que la politerapia puede producir aumentando la probabilidad de aparición de efectos adversos y de interacciones medicamentosas.


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