Velázquez-Paniagua M, Gómez-Chavarín BM, Sampieri-Cabrera R

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 43
Paginas: 8-19
Archivo PDF: 467.56 Kb.

RESUMEN

El estrés crónico en el ser humano es un padecimiento silencioso que interviene en el desarrollo de alteraciones fisiológicas y de enfermedades. Entre las patologías asociadas al estrés crónico se encuentran las enfermedades cardiovasculares, cerebrovasculares, trastornos metabólicos e inflamatorios. Estas, a su vez, están vinculadas con el desarrollo de síndrome metabólico, obesidad, hígado graso y diabetes tipo 2. También se ha identificado su relación con algunos trastornos psicóticos, neurodegenerativos y ciertos tipos de cáncer. Debido a la relevancia clínica, social y mental del estrés crónico, existen diversas intervenciones para mitigarlo, entre las cuales los programas basados en atención plena (mindfulness) han demostrado ser eficaces en la reducción del estrés crónico en diferentes poblaciones. El objetivo de esta revisión narrativa es ofrecer un panorama general sobre la fisiología del estrés y del estrés crónico, y explicar cómo este último afecta al ser humano, desde alteraciones sistémicas hasta desajustes centrales (como en la memoria, el aprendizaje y la desregulación emocional). Asimismo, se pretende profundizar en los orígenes y fundamentos de la práctica de mindfulness y su contribución como intervención para la salud.

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