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Boletín Clínico de la Asociación Médica del Hospital Infantil del Estado de Sonora

2022, Número 1

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Bol Clin Hosp Infant Edo Son 2022; 39 (1)


¿Se puede prevenir el crecimiento acelerado de los lactantes amamantados a través de la dieta materna?

Argüelles-López A, Calderón-de la Barca AM

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 33
Paginas: 25-33
Archivo PDF: 240.19 Kb.


RESUMEN

El crecimiento acelerado durante la lactancia se asocia con el desarrollo de sobrepeso y obesidad a futuro. Aunque este problema se atribuye a la lactancia con fórmula, en contraposición al amamantamiento, no es una regla; también se da en niños alimentados únicamente con leche materna. Nuestro objetivo es fundamentar una respuesta a la posibilidad de prevenir a través de la dieta materna el crecimiento acelerado de lactantes amamantados. Desde el embarazo, la dieta asegura un buen desarrollo en útero, donde son indispensables las fuentes de folatos, colina, betaína, vitaminas B2, B6 y B12, que participan en el metabolismo de compuestos monocarbonados. De allí se infiere que si la madre consume estos nutrientes, los niños amamantados tendrán buen desarrollo. Además, estos compuestos en la leche materna contribuyen en la composición de la microbiota intestinal, que a su vez, participa en procesos metabólicos, incluidos el crecimiento y desarrollo. Por tanto, una dieta rica en compuestos que participan en el metabolismo de monocarbonados en madres amamantando, podría contribuir al crecimiento infantil adecuado, y prevenir el desarrollo de sobrepeso y obesidad en el futuro inmediato y mediato de los niños.


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