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Organo oficial de la Asociación Latinoamericana de Odontopediatría (ALOP)

2022, Número 1

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Rev Odotopediatr Latinoam 2022; 12 (1)


Relaciones entre los estilos de crianza actuales, el empleo de las técnicas de orientación del comportamiento y su enseñanza en Odontopediatría. Revisión bibliográfica

Segarra OC, Ribelles LM, Borrell GC, Marqués ML, Leyda MAM

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 42
Paginas:
Archivo PDF: 453.98 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: Los cambios en los estilos de crianza de los últimos 25 años han llevado a desestimar en Odontopediatria algunas técnicas de orientación conductual (TODC) clásicas porque los padres las consideran poco apropiadas para sus hijos. Esto ha generado cambios en los programas de formación en Odontopediatría. Objetivo: Revisar las TODC más empleadas actualmente por odontopediatras, las más enseñadas en los programas de Odontología y la influencia de la aceptación parental en ello. Material y método: se realizó una revisión descriptiva de la literatura. Para establecer la base documental, constituida por 42 artículos, se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos: Cochrane, SciElo, Medline y Google Academy. Resultados: La familia ha experimentado un proceso de transformación con nuevos modelos de relaciones familiares y de crianza. Aunque los odontopediatras reconocen que la crianza autoritativa es la que favorece un comportamiento más positivo en el consultorio, perciben una tendencia parental hacia la permisividad. Eso ha favorecido que el empleo de algunas TODC clásicas, como control de voz o la estabilización física activa haya disminuido y la formación y entrenamiento al respecto también. Conclusiones: La formación de los odontopediatras está influenciada por el entorno socio-cultural y por aspectos ético-legales cambiantes. Ante la tendencia actual a un patrón de crianza más permisivo las TODC más enseñadas en los programas de Odontopediatría y, las más empleadas por los odontopediatras son las de comunicación. Conocer el patrón de crianza parental puede orientar al profesional para sugerir las TODC más adecuadas a cada entorno familiar.


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