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Colegio de Medicina Interna de México.

2021, Número 4

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Med Int Mex 2021; 37 (4)


Vitamina D: una vitamina controvertida

Valladares-García JC, Halabe-Cherem J

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 40
Paginas: 586-593
Archivo PDF: 251.72 Kb.


RESUMEN

La vitamina D ha adquirido importancia por su trascendental papel en las funciones metabólicas del cuerpo humano, en particular en el mantenimiento de la homeostasia del calcio y la salud ósea. Su déficit provoca hiperparatiroidismo secundario, recambio óseo acelerado, pérdida de hueso o alteraciones de la mineralización que conducen a un cuadro de osteoporosis o, bien, si se trata de un déficit de larga duración y gravedad, a un cuadro de osteomalacia. La vitamina D también ejerce efectos en el sistema inmunológico, microendocrino de la vasculatura y en la prevención de distintos tipos de cáncer. Su déficit se asocia con enfermedades cardiovasculares, autoinminitarias, oncológicas e infecciosas y con complicaciones en el embarazo, alteraciones congénitas y desenlaces adversos en la reproducción asistida. La evaluación de las concentraciones de vitamina D en población en alto riesgo y el tratamiento de la hipovitaminosis constituyen medidas que los médicos debemos llevar a cabo.


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