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2018, Number 4

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Biotecnol Apl 2018; 35 (4)

Natural antimicrobial peptides

Vázquez A, Perdomo-Morales R, Montero-Alejo V

Language: English
References: 71
Page: 4101-4107
PDF size: 508.40 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The recent appearance of a growing number of bacteria resistant to conventional antibiotics has become a serious medical problem. To overcome this resistance, the development of antibiotics with novel mechanisms of action is a pressing issue. Endogenous antimicrobial peptides are attractive candidates as new antibacterial agents due to their broad antimicrobial spectra, highly selective toxicities, and the difficulty for bacteria to develop resistance to these peptides. Antimicrobial peptides play a key role in the defense against bacterial pathogens, with an increased importance in those species lacking adaptive immunity. Their functions as key members of the innate immunity justify their potentiality as anti-infective therapeutic agents. An essential requisite for any host defense or therapeutic agent is selective toxicity over microbial targets and not to the host, implying a minimum risk for the latter. However, antimicrobial resistance to this sort of compounds must be carefully analyzed. The searching of new alternatives must be guaranteed by the previous knowledge about these molecules mechanism of action and structural determinants for activity. The purpose of this review is to show the main functional features that determine the antimicrobial peptides activity, with an insight in their mechanism of action. Here we expose basic knowledge and considerations about these molecules that must be taken into account for the new researchers in the field.


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