Rebolledo CM, Sanchez MM, Bettín MA, Mosquera CH, Lozano GA

Language: Spanish
References: 18
Page: 56-69
PDF size: 418.26 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Some types of cancer are often treated with chemotherapeutic drugs which indirectly affect the oral cavity, thus making the patient vulnerable to infections such as oral candidiasis. Oral infection by Candida albicans has been found to be fostered by oncological conditions, but other Candida species have not been sufficiently analyzed in such a context.
Objective: Identify Candida spp. in the oral cavity of patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted of 60 samples of an equal number of patients selected by convenience sampling at an Oncological Institute in Barranquilla, Colombia, following diagnostic clinical examination for oral candidiasis. Swab samples were taken from the infected surfaces to perform direct examination – Gram staining and Sabouraud dextrose agar culture with chloramphenicol incubated at 37ºC for 48 h and then cultured in CHROMagar® Candida medium – for identification of various species. Analysis was based on correlation and descriptive statistics.
Results: Of the total patients evaluated 55% were female and aged over 60 years. Breast cancer prevailed with 30%. The chemotherapy applied in all cases was 5-fluorouracil combined with cyclophosphamide. Atrophic candidiasis of the tongue was the most common clinical type with 37%, followed by pseudomembranous candidiasis of the tongue with 33%. Of the samples examined, 90% contained some sort of Candida, growth of a single species and mixed cultures with more than one Candida species. C. albicans represented 13.3% and non-albicans spp. another 13.3%. None of the oncological diagnostic analyses had a statistically significant association to Candida species.
Conclusions: The species C. albicans was the most commonly found in oral candidiasis among cancer patients, with a predominance of non-albicans Candida spp. (C. glabrata, C. tropicalis) mixed cultures, a fact not generally related to this condition.

REFERENCES

1. Devlin EJ, Denson LA, Whitford HS. Cancer Treatment Side Effects: A Meta-analysis of the Relationship Between Response Expectancies and Experience. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2017;54(2):245-258.e2.

2. Vigarios E, Epstein JB, Sibaud V. Oral mucosal changes induced by anticancer targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Support Care Cancer. 2017; 25(5):1713-39.

3. Korolenkova MV. Late morphological teeth changes in children after chemotherapy. Stomatologia (Mosk). 2015; 94(3):45-49.

4. Mothibe JV, Patel M. Pathogenic characteristics of Candida albicans isolated from oral cavities of denture wearers and cancer patients wearing oral prostheses. Microb Pathog. 2017;110:128-34.

5. Develoux M. Cancer and mycoses and literature review. Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 2017;110(1):80-84.

6. Jayachandran AL, Katragadda R, Thyagarajan R, Vajravelu L, Manikesi S, Kaliappan S, et al. Oral Candidiasis among Cancer Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Chennai, South India: An Evaluation of Clinicomycological Association and Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 2016;2016:8758461.

7. Ahadian H, Yassaei S, Bouzarjomehri F, Ghaffari Targhi M, Kheirollahi K. Oral Complications of The Oromaxillofacial Area Radiotherapy. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2017 Mar 1;18(3):721-5.

8. Rodríguez J, Miranda Tarragó J, Morejón H, Santana J. Candidiasis de la mucosa bucal: Revisión bibliográfica. Rev Cubana Estomatol. 2002 Ago;39(2):187-233.

9. Rueda-Gordillo F, Hernández-Solís SE, Ordoñez-Sánchez W. Portadores de Candida oral en pacientes atendidos en una clínica dental de Tabasco, México Rev Odonto. Latinoamérica. 2011;3(2):45-8.

10. Mora W, Reinoso S. Prevalencia de micosis oral por Candida albicans, en pacientes bajo tratamiento en hospital José Carrasco Arteaga (IESS). Rev OACTIVA UC Cuenca. 2016;1(3):23-8.

11. Estrada G, Márquez M, Díaz J, Sánchez C. Candidiasis bucal en paciente con tratamiento antineoplásico. MEDISAN. 2015;19(9):1080-7.

12. Azizi A, Dabirmoghadam P , Keykha F. Comparison of the Concentration of Salivary IL8 in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Healthy Subjects. J Res Dentomaxillofac Sci. 2016;1(3):28-32.

13. Acharya S, Pai KM, Bhat S, Mamatha B, Bejadi VM, Acharya S. Oral changes in patients undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer. Indian J Dent Res. 2017;28(3):261-8.

14. Jain M, Shah R, Chandolia B, Mathur A, Chauhan Y, Chawda J, et al. The Oral Carriage of Candida in Oral Cancer Patients of Indian Origin Undergoing Radiotherapy and/or Chemotherapy. J Clin Diag Res. 2016;10(2):ZC17-20.

15. Belazi M, Velegraki A, Koussidou-Eremondi T, Andreadis D, Hini S, Arsenis G, et al. Oral Candida isolates in patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck cancer: prevalence, azole susceptibility profiles and response to antifungal treatment. Oral Microbiol Immunol. 2004;19(6):347-51.

16. Pulido M, Carmona M, Abud K, Bolívar K, Cortés Y. Presencia de cándida en pacientes con estomatitis subprotésica que acuden a la facultad de odontología de la universidad de Cartagena en el periodo transcurrido entre agosto 2006 - junio 2007. Duazary: RICS. 2008;5:(2);90-8.

17. Alvarado D, Díaz MC, Silva V. Identificación y susceptibilidad antifúngica de Candida spp. aisladas de micosis invasora. Influencia del porcentaje de inhibición del crecimiento para la determinación de CIM. Rev Med Chile. 2002;130(4):416-423.

18. Trujillo V, Guilarte C, Pardi G. Pruebas rápidas para la detección de Candida albicans en cavidad bucal. Acta Odonto. Venez. 2006;44(3):441-3.