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Federación Mexicana de Ginecología y Obstetricia, A.C.

2020, Number S1

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Ginecol Obstet Mex 2020; 88 (S1)

Cancer and contraception

Velázquez-Ramírez N

Language: Spanish
References: 29
Page: 156-162
PDF size: 193.75 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Since the introduction of combined oral contraceptives into the market in 1960, more than 300 millon women have turned to them. While they are an extremely effective method, since their inception formulations with high doses of estrogen have been associated with severe adverse effects, mainly thromboembolism. Since then, their safety has become in one of their more relevant characteristcs; thus, it has been manifested some concern about the role of hormones in some types of cancer and how they could contribute to their evolution and put endangering the health of women. Cancer is a multifactorial disease and hormonal contraception can increase the risk in particular groups; however, it also has advantages in reducing the morbidity and mortality of some potentially aggressive neoplasms, such as ovarian cancer. The protective effect depends on the period of treatment and even remains after several years of having suspended them. The consumption of combined oral contraceptives is associated with a reduction in the risk of cancer, mainly of the endometrial, serous and borderline type (20%). Regardless of the dose of estrogen prescribed, the decrease in risk has also been observed in patients with BRCA 1 and 2 mutations.


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