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Federación Mexicana de Ginecología y Obstetricia, A.C.

2020, Number S1

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Ginecol Obstet Mex 2020; 88 (S1)

Progestin-only contraception

Valdés-Bango M, Castelo-Branco C

Language: Spanish
References: 59
Page: 56-73
PDF size: 439.35 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Nowadays progestin-only contraception represents one of the most prescribed contraceptive options. It includes a wide variety of possibilities, either in forms of presentation, routes of administration and composition, such as desogestrel pill, subdermal implants of levonorgestrel or etonorgestrel, the injectable medroxyprogesterone acetate or the intrauterine system of levonorgestrel release. All included a unique hormonal component of the family of progestins, which confers contraceptive efficacy and avoids the side effects attributable to estrogens. Progestin-only contraception is one of the methods with higher efficacy and its mechanism of action is based, mainly, on the effect of the progestin at the central (negative feedback on the hypothalamic-pituitary axis) and peripheral level (endometrial atrophy, alteration of tubal motility and transformation of cervical mucus). Progestin-only contraceptives can be prescribed to any woman who demands contraception, as they are methods, in any of their routes of administration, very effective. They are especially indicated in women who, temporarily, as in breastfeeding, or permanently, as smokers over 35 years or with other risk factors of deep vein thrombosis, cannot use methods containing estrogens. Progestin-only contraceptives can also be prescribed to reduce menstrual bleeding or dysmenorrhea. Their most frequent side effects are usually related to changes in the pattern of menstrual bleeding, weight changes due to their androgenic effect, or the appearance of functional ovarian cysts.


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