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2019, Number 4

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Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas 2019; 18 (4)

Immune disorders in two pediatric patients with Toxocariasis

Ínsua AC, Burón HJS, Montero DE

Language: Spanish
References: 13
Page: 634-639
PDF size: 587.41 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Toxocariasisis is a zoonosis caused by nematodes of the genus Toxocara. Accidentally, the human being ingests larvae eggs which causes inflammatory reactions. In patients with immunological conditions, the infection is expressed in the most severe form.
Objective: To evaluate the immunological disorders of two patients with Toxocariasis in William Soler Pediatric Hospital.
Case presentation: We present two patients: a 5 years old girl with recurrent respiratory infections and loss of vision on the left eye and a 14 years old boy with recurrent pneumonia, frequent diarrhea and decreased visual acuity in both eyes. After performing a fundus examination to the first patient, leukocoria, granuloma and a marked decrease in visual acuity were found. Quantification of serum immunoglobulins G, A, M were determined by a turbidimetric method, and E was determined by ELISA; B-lymphocyte subpopulations and T lymphocytes and natural killer cells were also determined by flow cytometry and Elisa test, which were positive for Toxocara canis in both cases. In the first patient IgA was 0 g/l (absent), and IgE was 720 IU/mL (elevated). TCD3 +/CD8 + lymphocyte subpopulations (5.57%), and decreased B CD19 (11.06%) were also found. In the second case, IgE was 810 IU/mL (elevated) and the others were normal. TCD3 +/CD8 + lymphocyte subpopulations (4.86%), and NKCD56 (5.04%) were decreased.
Conclusions: Combined T-B immunodeficiency was diagnosed in a patient, and cellular immunodeficiency was diagnosed in the other one. Infections improved in both patients and the loss of visual acuity stopped after treatment with Hebertrans. The torpid evolution and complications corresponded with the immunological deterioration of these patients.


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