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2019, Number 1

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Rev Cubana Neurol Neurocir 2019; 9 (1)

Neuropsychological manifestations in pediatric patients with mild cranioencephalic trauma

Abreu PD, Gómez CH, Lacerda GÁJ, Zamora MA, Álvarez DM, Hernández CT

Language: Spanish
References: 43
Page: 1-19
PDF size: 310.71 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objective: To describe the neuropsychological manifestations in pediatric patients with mild head trauma.
Methods: A descriptive study was carried out in all patients admitted to hospital due to mild head trauma, from January to December 2016 at Roberto Rodríguez Provincial General Teaching Hospital in Ciego de Ávila, Cuba. These patients were given neuropsychological tests before their discharge. The sample was forme by 50 patients. The cases were distributed in groups according to age, sex, cause of the trauma, Glasgow coma scale, alterations in memory, attention, intelligence or development coefficient and characterization of thought. The relationship between Glasgow coma scale with memory alterations, with IQ, with the coefficient of development and with the presence of psychological signs of organic alteration (organicity) was determined. The relationship between the presence of diffuse axonal injury I and II in the skull computerized axial tomography with neuropsychological manifestations was also determined. For the statistical processing, Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit Test was completed.
Results: There was a predominance of ages between 5-11 years (46 %) and male sex (78 %). Falls were the main cause of trauma (72 %) and Glasgow coma scale of 15 points (60%) prevailed. Memory alterations were observed in 81.8 % (27 patients out of 33 were evaluated with the test). There was alteration of attention in five cases out of 33 (15.1 %). Correlation of Glasgow coma scale with hypomnesia was demonstrated (13 points), 4 out of the 5 cases (80 %) and with the presence of organicity in 4 patients out of 5 (80 %). Diffuse axonal grade I injury was associated with the presence of memory alterations, IQ, attention, and the presence of alterations in Bender test.
Conclusions: Frequent neuropsychological manifestations were identified in the pediatric patient with mild head trauma. Hypomnesia and the relationship between the Glasgow coma scales 13/15 points with organicity predominated in most cases. Recognizing these manifestations will likely improve the long-term neuropsychological rehabilitation.


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