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Anales de la Sociedad Mexicana de Oftalmología y Archivos de la Asociación Para Evitar la Ceguera en México

2019, Number 5

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Rev Mex Oftalmol 2019; 93 (5)

Prevalence of myopia and associated risk factors in medical students in Monterrey

Cavazos-Salias CG, Montemayor-Saldaña N, Salum-Rodríguez L, Villarreal-Del Moral JE, Garza-Leon M

Language: Spanish
References: 59
Page: 246-253
PDF size: 267.00 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Background and Objective: Myopia has become a public health problem, so it is important to know the prevalence of myopia in different populations, like in medical students who are considered a risk group. Our objective was to know the prevalence of myopia in medical students of the University of Monterrey, as well as to study the associated risk factors. Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional and observational study was conducted between October and December 2016. Three hundred medical students were evaluated regarding the presence of refractive errors through auto-kerato/refractometer measurement and a questionnaire to analyze the presence of known risk factors for myopia. Results: One hundred eighty- nine students (68.7%) had myopia in one eye, and 149 (54.2%) in both. From the factors evaluated, only two were statistically significant. One was that patients with myopia were older than those without it (21.60 ± 2.27 vs. 20.77 ± 2.61, respectively; p = 0.01), and the second one was history of need of visual correction in all siblings (29.1 vs. 17.4% respectively; p = 0.04). Reading time, computer use, exercise time, overweight/obesity, having parents or one sibling who needs visual correction were similar between groups. Conclusions: In this group of medical students, the prevalence of myopia based on a refraction without cycloplegia is higher compared to other demographic groups of the Americas, and the only associated risk factors were age and need of visual correction in all siblings.


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